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No Plagiarism!vKEWnXvLVxfNgn6E1A1fposted on PENANA 常用的寫作方法包括:托物言志(托物喻人)、襯托(烘托)、誇張諷刺、借景抒情、前後照應(首尾呼應)、欲揚先抑、對比等。常用的寫作技巧則在前兩篇 文字雕琢-基礎篇|及 文法篇 說到許多文法應用,接下來我們要談的便是提升文筆的小技巧——修辭,也許有人會問,修辭是什麼?8964 copyright protection378PENANAAUqDMBdx0Z 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAc4kvZnBjNo
8964 copyright protection378PENANAQnGRpCWilK 維尼
修辭:指的是 在寫作過程中,對所使用的語言進行修飾、加工、潤色,以提高語言表達效果的方法。8964 copyright protection378PENANAUwktqLA3iJ 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA3WKdUg9UKE
8964 copyright protection378PENANAXvBkpaBazz 維尼
我們在這分為上中下三篇,8964 copyright protection378PENANAxH1nE41QfT 維尼
上半部 有感嘆、設問、摹寫、引用、誇飾、借代、映襯、倒反;8964 copyright protection378PENANAY9GOC7nm4I 維尼
中半部 有象徵、乎告、類疊、對偶、排比、層遞、頂真、回文;8964 copyright protection378PENANALEj5MiKlaJ 維尼
下半部 有倒裝、互文、雙關、轉品、譬喻、轉化、鑲嵌、藏詞。8964 copyright protection378PENANA7TZWB5OSH9 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA0nzNlUNEl7
8964 copyright protection378PENANAY304cw1i41 維尼
其實每個都還滿重要的,不一定要免強自己全部記住,可多少知道一點,腦子裡有了記憶,當你寫久了身體便會自動反應呢。8964 copyright protection378PENANArpvSe4KETa 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAY36IiHeaYa
8964 copyright protection378PENANAWDyadgNT0G 維尼
這樣的方法能夠幫助你提升文字應用,避免文字過於”小白文”的狀況。8964 copyright protection378PENANAcI5HMn2C0w 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA6RY27pQRgp
8964 copyright protection378PENANAmyrca1082I 維尼
一、感嘆8964 copyright protection378PENANAGEyvDGA93z 維尼
用來為了抒發強烈感情目的的一種修辭法,通常後面會接驚嘆號,小說裡常用於「對白」之中。嘆辭是人類自然的發音,對於內在或外在刺激的一中反應,如:高興時發出「YA」、驚訝時發出「啊」、無奈時發出「唉」。8964 copyright protection378PENANAttvvfrrNGc 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAw4YZysaBdj
8964 copyright protection378PENANAz8ziyfeLcN 維尼
感嘆詞有三種:8964 copyright protection378PENANAEGwXOndeQi 維尼
1.利用嘆詞構成感嘆句8964 copyright protection378PENANAsntltNf5gA 維尼
如:「哇」!真是個小畫家。(驚嘆)8964 copyright protection378PENANAWHP8Ho3D0W 維尼
「哼」!不過只是個庶女,竟敢在這邊要虎揚威!(鄙斥)8964 copyright protection378PENANAcd9dk2lUFo 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAk4GdqZfSBo
8964 copyright protection378PENANAEx6Ygyu8eI 維尼
2.利用助詞構成感嘆句8964 copyright protection378PENANAuk066g1toG 維尼
如:媽,怎麼還不開飯「嘛」!(希冀)8964 copyright protection378PENANAT2U1Mgqotx 維尼
這場比賽真是遺憾「哪」!(痛惜)8964 copyright protection378PENANAdCq8S6z2BU 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAE7fQVPbcKK
8964 copyright protection378PENANAUYlqt17JqD 維尼
3.利用嘆詞和助詞構成感嘆句8964 copyright protection378PENANAocrOdYVtXx 維尼
如:「喂」,又是你的主意吧?(憤怒)8964 copyright protection378PENANAppfPcHkseF 維尼
「天哪」,這套衣服好正點「喔」!(讚美)8964 copyright protection378PENANA2qeAfhNuRx 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAWM7MyR2aXv
8964 copyright protection378PENANAR8ndVOSclk 維尼
二、設問8964 copyright protection378PENANAW6b22hqDbN 維尼
設問指不直述,而以提問帶出重點的筆法。在小說中常見於「對白」及內心獨白時,作為推進劇情、增強懸念的方法。8964 copyright protection378PENANA884aAk21w4 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAVfwuJJPQDq
8964 copyright protection378PENANAwnXBqUnhoC 維尼
1.不知道答案。(懸問)8964 copyright protection378PENANAhmvopOlZjk 維尼
如:是誰灑下名為愛情的巨網,網住了我和你?8964 copyright protection378PENANA93x0o6tAtg 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAkXrOoRMTCo
8964 copyright protection378PENANAiqzNEGp6RK 維尼
2.問句後接答案。8964 copyright protection378PENANAO1nc6RCe6R 維尼
如:問世間情是何物?直教人生死相許。8964 copyright protection378PENANAGoCmbQ30vL 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAbCCMNsJ1Wo
8964 copyright protection378PENANAjUPydQK0wO 維尼
3.答案在問句的反面。(反詰)8964 copyright protection378PENANAuicRztvwXl 維尼
如:我這樣大的人,難道還不能自己作主嗎?8964 copyright protection378PENANA6NNYAqqjNo 維尼
(指 我這樣大的人,當然能自己作主。)8964 copyright protection378PENANAo1DbIfKkpZ 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAKfkFohOBXT
8964 copyright protection378PENANAQPxOzlMZj5 維尼
★三、摹寫(非常常用)8964 copyright protection378PENANAeCfcxiBzA5 維尼
將有關事物的各種感覺,如顏色、形狀、氣味、色澤、聲音等的感受透過作者的主觀加以形容描述的修辭技巧。 以視覺、聽覺、嗅覺、味覺、觸覺等五種方法用文字細膩的表現出來。8964 copyright protection378PENANAzgvabtYQGB 維尼
摹寫不用說,幾乎是寫小說的重點之中的重點啦~必學!8964 copyright protection378PENANAcB2SLV6Tkz 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANArXFoDRVRx3
8964 copyright protection378PENANA1g7MVpEE36 維尼
1.視覺摹寫8964 copyright protection378PENANArdnVWpHtLb 維尼
如:遠近的炊煙,成絲的、成縷的、成捲的,輕快的、遲重的,濃灰的、淡青的、慘白的,在靜定的朝氣裡漸漸地上騰,漸漸地不見……8964 copyright protection378PENANAaQlVYhK7Ed 維尼
2.聽覺摹寫8964 copyright protection378PENANAJxlBugvuur 維尼
如:泉水激石,冷冷作響;好鳥相鳴,嚶嚶成韻。8964 copyright protection378PENANACnxcebJM9c 維尼
3.嗅覺摹寫8964 copyright protection378PENANAWWiyIZFwm8 維尼
如:塵霉的書蠹味之上,不時拔竄出一震尖銳的阿摩尼亞味。8964 copyright protection378PENANAzLuzP0unGr 維尼
4.味覺摹寫8964 copyright protection378PENANA5fSR6ud4ja 維尼
如:臭豆腐酥脆的口感加上爽口的泡菜真是人間美味啊!8964 copyright protection378PENANADmINhthCxu 維尼
5.觸覺摹寫8964 copyright protection378PENANAcPL6bqNfsI 維尼
如:薄博的山嵐帶著涼涼濕意襲來。8964 copyright protection378PENANANihpyOcXfp 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAwKtvAqDfNc
8964 copyright protection378PENANAsiqKjABj46 維尼
四、引用8964 copyright protection378PENANAI7jUhljeCr 維尼
援用名人的話,或名人的事、物、詩文、典故、寓言、成語、俗語、格言、諺語等,來支持作者的立場,以達到證明和加強自己所說的理論。必須可加以區辨,否則屬於『剽竊』、『抄襲』而非引用。8964 copyright protection378PENANA4bbihZieb7 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAnCesrwQ4u2
8964 copyright protection378PENANA8BhRb1SoCY 維尼
引用在小說中,可以用對白來彰顯角色個性。例如,某角色喜歡村上春樹的作品,而使用他書中名言;或者古言小說中貴女宴請總要吟詩作畫的詩文;或者使用成語;或者書中以寓言典故描寫思想……其實十分常見。8964 copyright protection378PENANArJs3956K2B 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAFMJThtwfPb
8964 copyright protection378PENANAcW8r3lPYkw 維尼
1.明引:明白指出所引用的話出自何處。8964 copyright protection378PENANANBIAVg20MA 維尼
如:曾文正說:「做人從早起起。」因為這是每人每日要做的第一件事。8964 copyright protection378PENANAA7wkQ9bnT0 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAc4xWRDoMtM
8964 copyright protection378PENANACravRe8372 維尼
2.暗用:引用時未指明出處。8964 copyright protection378PENANAG461UkLZh9 維尼
如:有風度的運動家是「言必信,行必果」的人。(出自論語子路篇)8964 copyright protection378PENANAc9rBaFN25Y 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANANf83G4sL3b
8964 copyright protection378PENANAno3Ww3QxBR 維尼
五、誇飾8964 copyright protection378PENANAwRDmKdD4iY 維尼
將客觀之人、事或物的特點,透過主觀情意,故意用誇大鋪張地渲染與鋪飾描述的手法,使它與真正的事實相差很遠,以加深讀者的印象上。8964 copyright protection378PENANAlOctGcGyan 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAH3FQItGj5M
8964 copyright protection378PENANAfLtsYfeoXj 維尼
如:「西北有高樓,上與浮雲齊。」(高度的誇飾。《古詩十九首》。)8964 copyright protection378PENANAbHHFWdjFXr 維尼
「朝辭白帝彩雲間,千里江陵一日還。」(時間的誇飾。李白《早發白帝城》)8964 copyright protection378PENANA6NfJgOiIVz 維尼
「虎嘯而谷風至,龍舉而景雲屬。」(物象的誇飾。淮南子《天文篇》)8964 copyright protection378PENANAieCX9TQmX9 維尼
「千里孤墳,無處話淒涼。」(人情的誇飾。蘇軾《江城子》)8964 copyright protection378PENANAsQrMqPnj4q 維尼
「千山鳥飛絕,萬徑人蹤滅。」(數量的誇飾。柳宗元《江雪》)8964 copyright protection378PENANAupx8gRDzKA 維尼
「白髮三千丈,緣愁似個長。」(長度的誇飾。李白《秋浦歌》)8964 copyright protection378PENANAhOSKUxpHCJ 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAMU7jT93PUR
8964 copyright protection378PENANAOzqvuGL8qj 維尼
六、借代8964 copyright protection378PENANANxEPBPbCMf 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAGQi29HczuW
8964 copyright protection378PENANAd8sEb9LHJn 維尼
借代,多數為動詞,使用時必須考慮兩件事物是否有相關之處,與及借代之事物是否令人容易聯想到本體,代而用與之密切相關的另一種事物的名稱。8964 copyright protection378PENANA0aP6Jpp6EK 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAXd5KJWCNVq
8964 copyright protection378PENANAJOUCmbWHFq 維尼
借代在古風文裡十分常見,想寫好古風文章,借代是必學。8964 copyright protection378PENANAnU7eNDdPrT 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAMsw7leAXr4
8964 copyright protection378PENANAJEGBF22GNH 維尼
1.借代法舉隅8964 copyright protection378PENANACDOcuRFZDr 維尼
如:「何以解憂?唯有杜康。」(以事物的作者或產地代替。)8964 copyright protection378PENANAHBv7DkcR9V 維尼
爸爸買了一輛賓士。(以事物標誌「賓士」代替「車」。)8964 copyright protection378PENANAfzIXvFXAYu 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA5cDwAtSwMD
8964 copyright protection378PENANApFdvWtg4MO 維尼
2.年齡借代8964 copyright protection378PENANAAYYnHoOZ2w 維尼
如:8964 copyright protection378PENANAtRvR8RV3qf 維尼
彌月→小孩出生滿月8964 copyright protection378PENANAJCNjxFC7LC 維尼
周晬→小孩出生一周歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAAl5BApR4JC 維尼
垂髪→童年8964 copyright protection378PENANAzSSaMk6yHD 維尼
始齔之年→七、八歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAlCPc3qOeOy 維尼
襁褓之年→幼年8964 copyright protection378PENANARClRN3JJRv 維尼
舞勺之年→十三歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAELvDikPJZg 維尼
荳蔻年華→女十三、十四歲8964 copyright protection378PENANA9MxChMe8zB 維尼
束髮之年→男十五歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAhLwK2W0CYY 維尼
志學之年→男十五歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAygJni7P7jC 維尼
及笄之年→女十五歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAI11OqJ06zK 維尼
二八年華→女十六歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAjLsdGkLcSU 維尼
破瓜之年→女十六歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAqlUk9gJM3F 維尼
弱冠之年→男二十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANA8DfrahobZD 維尼
丁年→男二十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAKDrJkdJn1s 維尼
桃李年華→女二十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANASN3aIpwsZQ 維尼
雙十年華→女二十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAVOei2RWBhY 維尼
花信之年→女二十四歲8964 copyright protection378PENANA6l9WC2Z9hH 維尼
而立之年→三十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANA2GLKXDQyb8 維尼
不惑之年→四十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANANgNvK55sAY 維尼
強仕之年→四十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANApQ0HbfYD6n 維尼
春秋鼎盛→四十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAiiXTLgZB96 維尼
知命之年→五十歲(半百)8964 copyright protection378PENANA1RS0K8DAoO 維尼
耳順之年→六十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANA33H4yZ3Keg 維尼
花甲之年→六十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAM8aerd6uJt 維尼
耆艾之年→五六十歲,老年人的通稱8964 copyright protection378PENANAY0Ap0RnuXA 維尼
從心之年→七十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAjJHuEtEDZr 維尼
古稀之年→七十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAZkhBvibaw4 維尼
懸車之年→七十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAK6vvYtccbe 維尼
耄耋之年→七十、九十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANA9VPyTow6m1 維尼
杖家之年→五十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAUudBhTVLhb 維尼
杖鄉之年→六十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAUjA9l1bZFF 維尼
杖國之年→七十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAFq4scoOBQm 維尼
杖朝之年→八十歲8964 copyright protection378PENANAr8xTbPZyOU 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA6536u0DEoY
8964 copyright protection378PENANAkOvBmqEEPL 維尼
3. 季節的借代8964 copyright protection378PENANAfRLGL6UC8y 維尼
如:8964 copyright protection378PENANAANBoeZWL5A 維尼
東風→春天8964 copyright protection378PENANAViHs4odN7Y 維尼
楊柳風→春天8964 copyright protection378PENANAX9NPPCo4Tz 維尼
薰風→夏天8964 copyright protection378PENANApYr3dl1L8s 維尼
南風→夏天8964 copyright protection378PENANAgsQlxr5UzV 維尼
黃梅→夏天8964 copyright protection378PENANAT0kP0d9AVA 維尼
金風→秋天8964 copyright protection378PENANA9ursRxmCoa 維尼
商風→秋天8964 copyright protection378PENANA45cXbMv1Br 維尼
西風→秋天8964 copyright protection378PENANAWFgEl5RkFY 維尼
朔風→冬天8964 copyright protection378PENANAf5Js0arrhs 維尼
北風→冬天8964 copyright protection378PENANAtPjhbrJslk 維尼
臘月→冬天8964 copyright protection378PENANATPDVNiZfRu 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAfHEhj8uBzq
8964 copyright protection378PENANA8QdpqJkxyL 維尼
4.死的借代8964 copyright protection378PENANAgkiZOgBXGk 維尼
如:羽化、大去、圓寂、就木、赴黃泉、溘然長逝、百年之後、蒙主恩照等。8964 copyright protection378PENANAWV6B0A1hJS 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANANW1Ax2ldbY
8964 copyright protection378PENANAmeQ7cMvUtR 維尼
5.特定對象喪亡之借代8964 copyright protection378PENANANZpYel6lih 維尼
如:河西之痛(喪子)、失怙(喪父)、失恃(喪母)、雁行失序(喪兄弟)等。8964 copyright protection378PENANAifpmk7it2p 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAOceja6UPt4
8964 copyright protection378PENANAoWlT3tDuAb 維尼
6.其他8964 copyright protection378PENANAQWTVGJXFbZ 維尼
安→美男子8964 copyright protection378PENANACpfJUQREAT 維尼
西施、紅顏→美女8964 copyright protection378PENANAJV3p1PFPFU 維尼
巾幗→女英雄8964 copyright protection378PENANAV7ihbGqZnH 維尼
鬚眉→男子8964 copyright protection378PENANAzUyVUDefen 維尼
黃髮→老人8964 copyright protection378PENANAAIK9ibS5uD 維尼
垂髫→小孩8964 copyright protection378PENANAirbcC7xk08 維尼
總角→小孩8964 copyright protection378PENANAn5nAeMcxro 維尼
椿庭→父親8964 copyright protection378PENANAnfe4oi0qI0 維尼
萱堂→母親8964 copyright protection378PENANA4V9t3P31U3 維尼
曾參→孝子8964 copyright protection378PENANATJUw4O0j9K 維尼
王孫→達官子弟8964 copyright protection378PENANAQZBZcuySF2 維尼
朱門→富人8964 copyright protection378PENANAvPD4PzOCgA 維尼
軒冕、簪纓→達官顯貴8964 copyright protection378PENANAkOCJ79y46E 維尼
面南→君王8964 copyright protection378PENANA1wlklq6o7z 維尼
面北→臣8964 copyright protection378PENANAxqzUSm1fp9 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAe3QSuLvYWU
8964 copyright protection378PENANAPYtquMaabB 維尼
七、映襯8964 copyright protection378PENANAXSwUMKTrDP 維尼
把不同的,特別是相反的觀念或事實,對列起來,兩相比較,使其意義明顯,叫做映襯,使語氣增強。8964 copyright protection378PENANAlYnrXkr2zm 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAinNnzOKLwI
8964 copyright protection378PENANAizUV5t3QZ3 維尼
1.反襯:對於一種事物,用與他本質相反的詞加以描寫。8964 copyright protection378PENANAR0nyhI0mUa 維尼
如:作卑微的工作,樹高傲的自尊。8964 copyright protection378PENANAC7CrHviV26 維尼
每次論戰,對象一定得是一個可敬的敵人。8964 copyright protection378PENANAKPoMCxJz2j 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAJB3xzPThge
8964 copyright protection378PENANA8dtQQFzNAz 維尼
2.雙襯:對同一個人、事、物,用兩種不同的觀點的詞加以描寫。8964 copyright protection378PENANA0oaVdNNdsX 維尼
如:我們是一列憂愁又快樂的行道樹。8964 copyright protection378PENANAP1WK52Yleq 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAihsStMYHCa
8964 copyright protection378PENANAYtUc89XBkP 維尼
3.對襯:對於兩種不同的人、事、物,對列比較。8964 copyright protection378PENANA1kyYB3XMfI 維尼
如:生於憂患,死於安樂。8964 copyright protection378PENANAUBjbYU8wwY 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA0hg8snUxok
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使用映襯法時,要注意兩者比較的關係,一定要有不同且顯而易見的差別,還須注意映襯對象的對應,詞彙的使用應該要切合辭意,不可兩者互相矛盾。8964 copyright protection378PENANAIJHBf7FTW6 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAomr1E69Z5o
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八、倒反8964 copyright protection378PENANAaVfH65a2wt 維尼
言詞表面意義和作者內心真正的意思相反,通常有諷刺意味。8964 copyright protection378PENANAfYKZnlTfaZ 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANATOQtCncUX5
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1.倒辭:把正面的意思倒過來說,沒有諷刺成分的倒反語。8964 copyright protection378PENANALUSjWpWKKP 維尼
如:愚公移山。(「愚」是指不計代價,一昧苦幹的傻勁,沒有愚笨意絲,反有讚美意味。)8964 copyright protection378PENANASZqbPvufCs 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAHo8xvVYHPQ
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2.反語:含諷刺成分的倒反噢。8964 copyright protection378PENANA9vajaSQRSP 維尼
如:「尚書大人還真機靈,風往哪吹,你就往哪倒,真是佩服、佩服。」(香港電影《九品芝麻官》)8964 copyright protection378PENANAfRE13UU1ko 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA83DKn5kBke
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上 感嘆、設問、摹寫、引用、誇飾、借代、映襯、倒反;V8964 copyright protection378PENANAMofzQTzFnw 維尼
中 象徵、乎告、類疊、對偶、排比、層遞、頂真、回文;8964 copyright protection378PENANA5riNoN2AEt 維尼
下 倒裝、互文、雙關、轉品、譬喻、轉化、鑲嵌、藏詞。8964 copyright protection378PENANAOYloO5DGDj 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAiTPkF8WqH5
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/8964 copyright protection378PENANA30I0cZNjuA 維尼
參考資料:8964 copyright protection378PENANApQ71ux43iV 維尼
一、維基百科8964 copyright protection378PENANABqydWlZwWM 維尼
二、康軒文教出版,國中國文FUN學練功坊文法與修辭,韓姝如編。(超好用)8964 copyright protection378PENANAUsXW6ySxhY 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANA5Xz0Zfz0ek
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/8964 copyright protection378PENANAEPydAEVDl9 維尼
仟言8964 copyright protection378PENANArbhANhZGUv 維尼
IG | @yinting_z8964 copyright protection378PENANAB4OFEpfuAh 維尼
臉書|@qianyan14798964 copyright protection378PENANANbp6CZu13S 維尼
痞客邦 | 仟言萬語 f452453.pixnet.net/blog8964 copyright protection378PENANAaSIUqYkOV1 維尼
邀約 | g592137@gmail.com8964 copyright protection378PENANAhChiAzmlII 維尼
作品|POPO、PENAN、角角者8964 copyright protection378PENANAFe1wrDXiyf 維尼
382Please respect copyright.PENANAoH4jZUYRMt
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~記得加入書籤、按like和分享,或者在底下留言妳的想法或問題讓我知道哦~8964 copyright protection378PENANAHGtDAL1XeL 維尼
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