鯤鵬喜歡在無際的大海中嬉戲歌唱,享受世界的廣闊。159Please respect copyright.PENANANLNkbDtA3h
或許是躍出水面就展翅翱翔,也可能只是慵懶的躺倒,激起壯觀的水花後潛入深海。他有時也會在離水後擺弄姿態,試圖讓自己看來更是威武或優美。159Please respect copyright.PENANA1IjQYhrHIW
這一切就如他的歌聲,全都隨心情喜好而定。那些旋律有時聽來就如海水搖曳般柔緩,有時則帶有雨滴落在翅膀上的輕快節奏。曲調也會隨時間改變,出現創新與突破。159Please respect copyright.PENANAXxLgppeHvG
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然而,自從鯤鵬被石碑的詛咒束縛後,便只能偶爾在島嶼北方聽見深邃而悠遠的低鳴。那聽來就如海潮拍打岸上礁岩的聲響,既枯燥、單調又孤寂。159Please respect copyright.PENANA4vnYlaEbah
那或許是他自沉睡中清醒時發出的哀嘆,也或許是深眠中不經意發出的囈語。159Please respect copyright.PENANAEzbQL7hxLF
至於真相為何……159Please respect copyright.PENANAPeiz3KqL3A
無人知曉,也無法知曉。159Please respect copyright.PENANAjGW8XimZIQ
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|事情始末159Please respect copyright.PENANAhmJUvSues1
在繪製鯤鵬島地圖時,我決定找一種鯨魚做為鯤鵬的外型參考,於是就搜尋了台灣周圍會出現的鯨魚種類,並且……159Please respect copyright.PENANA18MU6XdJVu
對大翅鯨一見鍾情(大誤)。159Please respect copyright.PENANA8f2ySKsn8j
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好啦!下面是會選擇大翅鯨的正經理由:159Please respect copyright.PENANAndaQweyPAr
1. 具有所有鯨魚中,占比最長 的胸鰭,誇飾後將符合逍遙遊中對鯤鵬的描述:『其翼若垂天之雲。』159Please respect copyright.PENANA3d1YRm02Ho
2. 他們擅長水上跳躍特技,或許是鯤鵬會飛的由來?159Please respect copyright.PENANADTtT9Uf4oI
3. 有南北遷徙的習慣,符合逍遙遊中對鯤鵬的描述:『海運則將徙於南冥』與『鵬之徙於南冥也,…,去以六月息者也。』(不過大翅鯨其實是冬天南遷)159Please respect copyright.PENANA10cVMrXTJ9
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|參考資料159Please respect copyright.PENANA2Ek5hNassy
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|名字、由來:159Please respect copyright.PENANAHMGBInMyH5
大翅鯨(台語:「海崎」),又名座頭鯨。159Please respect copyright.PENANAJn5J4faSev
座頭鯨(ザトウクジラ)一名源自日文「座頭(ざとう)」,意指其背部很像盲人琵琶樂師揹著琵琶的模樣。159Please respect copyright.PENANAcySSHWA3fv
英文名 humpback whale 意為駝背鯨,都是在描述大翅鯨的背部隆起。159Please respect copyright.PENANApVkLBaghmL
學名:Megaptera novaeangliae,屬名來自希臘文「μεγα-πτερα」,意指「大型的翅膀」,種小名則意為「來自新英格蘭的」。159Please respect copyright.PENANAB3I4DesIMH
novaeangliae 是由一名出生於東普魯士的日耳曼動物學家——波羅斯基(Georg Heinrich Borowski, 1746–1801)命名,屬名 Megaptera 則是在1846 年由英國動物學家格雷(John Edward Gray, 1800-1875)新增歸類。159Please respect copyright.PENANAJUvks0a3PJ
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|外觀:159Please respect copyright.PENANAlIfAsR7Kka
上半身黝黑,頭部與下巴長有許多突起的節瘤,背鰭位於身體後方三分之二處,形狀低矮且底部較寬,隆起狀就像駝背。159Please respect copyright.PENANAIMve3IuCvB
尾鰭寬廣,中心明顯向內凹且有鋸齒狀後緣。159Please respect copyright.PENANAwax2NlUGxH
尾鰭鋸齒狀後緣與胸鰭都有白斑,且每隻大翅鯨斑點的分布都不同,是能辨識個體的重要特徵。159Please respect copyright.PENANAKuAOwjSxrT
胸鰭長度大約是身長的三分之一,是鯨豚中占比最長的。159Please respect copyright.PENANAI9OfbgmzRJ
頭部佔全身三分之一,左右上顎各有一排鯨鬚板片,每排約 270~400 片。159Please respect copyright.PENANArzs1TtDSDn
由下頷到腹部的喉腹褶約有 14~22 道,平行排列長度至肚臍前。159Please respect copyright.PENANAStLL2z4bAp
頭頂兩個噴氣孔噴出的水氣從正面看近似心形,高度約 2.5~3 公尺。159Please respect copyright.PENANAbSe1xrKCUb
成年體長約 14~17 公尺。159Please respect copyright.PENANAyUvZg9yC9R
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|食物:159Please respect copyright.PENANAmIEOaSmZmu
磷蝦與各種小型魚類。159Please respect copyright.PENANAPCjTapQHqY
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|捕食方式:159Please respect copyright.PENANAqWkJj1kWNx
泡泡網捕獵(bubble-net feeding)是一種獨特的獵食行為,目前只在大翅鯨和布氏鯨身上可觀察到。159Please respect copyright.PENANAu83tn0Zkj2
在定位魚群後,大翅鯨會以團隊合作的方式一邊從下方逼近獵物,一邊用泡泡圍捕被驚擾的魚群。159Please respect copyright.PENANA9BBnRYkpoO
在魚群聚集後,鯨群就會使出衝刺進食(lunge-feeding),朝魚群衝去並一口吞下大量魚群與海水,再透過鯨鬚將水排出去。159Please respect copyright.PENANAgGnxOKOu7x
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|習性:159Please respect copyright.PENANA9cWl0xaQej
除了捕食與求偶繁衍時會與其他大翅鯨一起行動,大多都是單獨生活。集體成員不固定,群體生活通常在夏季持續得較久,方便合作覓食。159Please respect copyright.PENANAB5MxscIo79
雄性大翅鯨尋求配偶時,常會與其他雄鯨一起包圍著一隻雌鯨,組成「競爭性群體」(competitive groups)。159Please respect copyright.PENANAn40Hcsz9tk
競爭會持續幾小時,競逐失敗的就會自動游離,最後留下的才可與雌鯨交配。159Please respect copyright.PENANAXzraiLu2pc
雄鯨在繁殖季會鳴唱複雜的歌曲,且曲譜會隨時間變化,各族群間的歌曲也會有差別。159Please respect copyright.PENANAFLJEEpBeHz
經常出現躍身擊浪、擺動胸鰭及尾鰭擊浪等水上行為。159Please respect copyright.PENANAdLVfDJpoS6
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|棲地:159Please respect copyright.PENANAMdLQbSMGaG
廣泛分佈於全球各海域,多在大陸棚或是島嶼周圍活動。159Please respect copyright.PENANAVFFCHLBxjx
春季到秋季多半在中高緯度地區覓食、冬季則在低緯度海域繁殖育幼。159Please respect copyright.PENANA4jHWMi2aJd
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|網址:159Please respect copyright.PENANA0vZjOzgTKE
維基百科。大翅鯨:https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%BF%85%E9%B2%B8159Please respect copyright.PENANAOc4PVMP10v
海洋委員會海洋保育署。臺灣百種海洋動物圖鑑:大翅鯨-臺灣百種海洋動物:https://www.oca.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=289&parentpath=0,5&mcustomize=ocamaritime_view.jsp&dataserno=202103120010 159Please respect copyright.PENANAas6Vi0itaI
泛科學。追蹤旋轉、吐泡泡、一網打盡!利用水泡網來捕獵的座頭鯨:https://pansci.asia/archives/173351159Please respect copyright.PENANAcX7AhyGFmv
WordPress。所以說大翅鯨到底有幾種?:https://haideeya.wordpress.com/2018/08/28/%E6%89%80%E4%BB%A5%E8%AA%AA%E5%A4%A7%E7%BF%85%E9%AF%A8%E5%88%B0%E5%BA%95%E6%9C%89%E5%B9%BE%E7%A8%AE%EF%BC%9F/?fbclid=IwAR2GtpaGPK9aUxEn6Uc9mqlG55on2VhL87TLng7Ny11wyLv_jnXA1eR3IzY
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