The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBksF59dbcb
Ars Goetia975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ813k8d8EZO
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlONRPcMqyB
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6A6RFBKyo1
2) Duke Agares975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTEV3X7hCHh
3) Prince Vassago975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRWNR3a83ed
4) Marquis Samigina975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJGE6SOzqWH
5) President Marbas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIGBCemu4t4
6) Duke Valefor975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn6aNCQ0q7J
7) Marquis Amon975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbf7kBUO3PT
8) Duke Barbatos975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMKyH2TEiBg
9) King Paimon975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ62T3SmSh9U
10) President Buer975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz8bkbxuX0L
11) Duke Gusion975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwLakivdP9q
12) Prince Sitri975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAOVzlaY0Bm
13) King Beleth975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnVLmU1I264
14) Marquis Leraje975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhqKYrqqg5y
15) Duke Eligos975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiaiBRD7ZE3
16) Duke Zepar975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡobPNVdV06P
17) Count/President Botis975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHKVaVxIxiU
18) Duke Bathin975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrajQX6vOak
19) Duke Sallos975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5u18z0nfe3
20) King Purson975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnMGz0WBLFd
21) Count/President Marax975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrMnpXFAaTH
22) Count/Prince Ipos975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNofOySYu0d
23) Duke Aim975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnjz8ylOBRc
24) Marquis Naberius975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSVHkHtKPpE
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBGhR4rIXTA
26) Duke Buné975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk7PsJFlYLJ
27) Marquis/Count Ronové975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjhO1sIb4DQ
28) Duke Berith975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbTW3wGwIyH
29) Duke Astaroth975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs8NlAF4EsZ
30) Marquis Forneus975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOEU57lHysj
31) President Foras975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLvRgh6UTVI
32) King Asmoday975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmFAx0uOELM
33) Prince/President Gäap975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtAIekt64oX
34) Count Furfur975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2ypqYGhhgs
35) Marquis Marchosias975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHd08g3IDYG
36) Prince Stolas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡatnw4MXG9a
37) Marquis Phenex975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDD5PPhph7E
38) Count Halphas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvrKcKOkyy8
39) President Malphas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZcHZINhCEP
40) Count Räum975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3CLNKxppGY
41) Duke Focalor975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs1TmT52B6v
42) Duke Vepar975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvehnnMDEOH
43) Marquis Sabnock975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcjqSfPctGG
44) Marquis Shax975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfOmpuIr946
45) King/Count Viné975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMUMMlBo6zx
46) Count Bifrons975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ74BMKQIWIs
47) Duke Vual975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ5TBllLRNP
48) President Haagenti975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47KLMxWWPb
49) Duke Crocell975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6cZefE9nME
50) Knight Furcas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡia90cZHf4T
51) King Balam975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH4pJTOzBzS
52) Duke Alloces975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEG88L0kRbm
53) President Caim975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY2mTep8on6
54) Duke/Count Murmur975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXF5Xl3Su39
55) Prince Orobas975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy2xprVxQzH
56) Duke Gremory975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLfpLSsQQe2
57) President Ose975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3FoSl4NwKO
58) President Amy975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLFF56uyv8N
59) Marquis Orias975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVVBWNc3XUj
60) Duke Vapula975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2SN9sGKjRw
61) King/President Zagan975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAiQaACTGO2
62) President Valac975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡauADPbBec1
63) Marquis Andras975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSMjOF8nF2j
64) Duke Flauros975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBbHNcF5bHL
65) Marquis Andrealphus975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU9rObUFyOf
66) Marquis Kimaris975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxDC2uoR4Xb
67) Duke Amdusias975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡifdUCWcN4m
68) King Belial975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpnaTQPzRyN
69) Marquis Decarabia975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeF7BH4eJSX
70) Prince Seere975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1H2R9xIvAa
71) Duke Dantalion975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHRTdhDUCK5
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡItABrwCH4U
Ars Theurgia Goetia975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm5NbyaV48u
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTunpnc5J4X
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Ars Paulina975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfvO6bCV9cH
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxX6N2GjAGv
Ars Almadel975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOo0ZApX5Vx
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJeyJdbE6mK
Ars Notoria975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcvVsueTDQy
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU5TkiUd2Xi
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ024H1YAIM5
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCT0xzECzG1
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuSBwrs2x6t
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQW3eumZ6EZ
5 Invidia (Envy)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfs7r8AZ0s0
6 Ira (wrath)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUJuvxck6iA
7 Acedia (sloth)975Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvNBmEpXdgu
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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