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喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡijPZ4oMzOQ
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfc3fd8sOFg
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUZfgX0SG6h
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡop5LOD2j9s
因為河道較闊9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqIYwFSRbhm
葡萄牙人都入到去探索9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpk6YHV4O0O
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBR8ECNu8Q3
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSUvrQac1Qd
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjhUXoVaH3m
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB4peyjNkl3
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7UQF5ZtdBb
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8mH5fso1b
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsT8d2niqZl
攞到錢就買啲西方產物9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlULgMlGdiO
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqONsfpFCQp
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4IUBoJ6Grr
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhoAmY550jC
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz26XDmbhL4
船係行唔到入去嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡINDGVZoWLZ
交通非常唔方便9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡccJw7TNHkm
各個部落亦都分得好散9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjhMnp6aZCa
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTbxLfnHoTT
所以先畀佢有機可乘9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjNSCvj6eiC
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBrhnt3Lyqv
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7oZ5ztz7lu
舊稱史丹利瀑布9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9e9arteyR3
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu6ZdM5YM5X
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqRHGc3kO9S
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡykD888Osu4
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhQS1IbBBX2
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuGDk9hVf7R
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNQ8gwHmxuc
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeIaKdEqn5y
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYaapMcXE79
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnfSR9U1EFI
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj4gVqSEveD
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA0i4vN0NMK
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHinkS50KRo
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDwr0laCYN5
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA89n85ZwWG
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVguykrVoYz
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmzSJWJgspq
北面係雨林南邊就草原9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuoBtl8EJeu
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHLhOSA8bnI
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm9x2BDtUFt
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL19Lv3ettZ
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZJBaYq7y4b
由農業採礦開始9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3QUhXHBSpY
再慢慢發展工業9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEFcBGydea3
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ77UdyDEhyz
不過佢冇時間咁做9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE9jyTEsFOj
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl5xwwafKxR
可以話係揹到成身街數9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcBaGsCpuhQ
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwcRH1nlbtn
唔好話發展呀9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNnANrHSCTA
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz4PWNHZRhz
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnbn3d5pJSy
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzgXDIlJP11
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDlhuAY8gEe
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUFQbu8SJSm
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR4reeOOwRk
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAeL8w1p0Mb
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXsGbV60sW4
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo0B6aNrvpz
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxrDnSYJYOo
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9wG3wMBfxs
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7qb7Syvid7
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRlA8OdvtL6
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG0LbgUbcsT
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9JQMFusIOP
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA8V8PcfjMh
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSKIp618pye
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMItuUZuBl9
透過呢啲條例同方法9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLDChH7eb2I
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM2sfIQIrO1
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlc7S9k8CyK
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwVKbdTervz
咁邦政府同租界公司9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRbsDyJqfhE
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk4k1kzPzu5
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIw5Fe3eilO
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXL9Lqvv6hs
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAYU9jlhaJY
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEa7gLjOrRg
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcBfCEKuXv7
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ygVRpZghv
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMZgIXNUviV
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkYM8hdKqxM
全長三百幾公里)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmgyUpLzX0O
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4zQ3r850A2
好似人頭稅咁9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3yBol5IYZn
每個成年男人都有一個配額9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcAettttRR9
由租界公司收取9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡodrPxHipfA
FP做稅吏追稅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf9iOQ6BQnw
...似曾相識9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGi3OCSInJq
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpmMy4p0kgY
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5dVaitQzeY
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡegV7ljJbIo
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWPiImvigsg
而喺呢九個租界裡面9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcJ0FHvNVe4
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEaiAI84YkO
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSoMAbWyfY6
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs9XyT7Raro
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjGtoMW7ZEt
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHXPX5eaMTB
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhVivfHRuZ3
佢會以三年合約9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8QCb1PKWVZ
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx6mWRl6Cjq
呢個人工其實唔係咁高9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxk0kZ6K6wl
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5vIc8yIhWA
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjQhQqbGh6n
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtxUrVK8dX9
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqmT1Kwaqvk
(通常個target係佢管轄區內9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI4rXXEJDuB
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMahnjh26RV
因為橡膠總值嘅2%9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuNSUYR8Ajs
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgeKDbRM0ge
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDo3Lmr8T7w
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlGqfZspUky
相等於而家63萬港紙左右9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQUFZtuYN6t
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvBEr1VHrws
(去Working Holiday三年9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1EfPLB5L6x
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5FFB0s99EA
但係如果唔到target嘅話9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcjJzIVUw0M
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcbo7sQMB0X
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK7V1Pvn2EQ
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuP0DcpiGjS
務求喺三年內賺夠走人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsS0YIjoDch
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcEnt9oKrti
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPXikHnkqDZ
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpm0OyMOQIu
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRgBRGu8Va
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXQkV3TDKq5
到戰爭完結時9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2LMuCDbXz7
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PRSNDn1vG
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ992IyYOTyN
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfspEum4NU4
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiJQ1WzWKdY
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzd5W2sgUeS
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhvbL9jt34h
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5sxa4a0cMg
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfZhgYOA8cc
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZmS0HN3lPM
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhlXS6oyLoa
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5NEoZQVHv1
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8wXuea3Qgt
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1d0gcMA08h
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhnmiZLJlfm
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW7ScOkFGWm
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaNyVAnjAGW
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3dDuveNnK2
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG3sOKqlqVs
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7W35SsZwSE
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdtwfrTUZp8
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwHIQ565jIg
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNLTBswjQjl
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSO1dyqmG8t
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwWqQmQ0R6M
至於其他部分同阿媽呢9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5A5QwdJJJ8
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWLBj3xwicj
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgaNLrpeM1g
FP最常用嘅招數9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYfpLXjeKGL
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡizxvfOMqfP
去逼佢地採集橡膠9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaZPUOmbZhI
面對咁嘅壓迫9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAtiprLfLuT
啲村民當然不滿啦9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLtEDQjDWiy
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUO1tHDv1bb
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyOp0mmX86n
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiqQpdzNRdw
不過因為實力差距太大9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs4HtmGuixd
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlv5yrEYj4q
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC7PWcqBAKx
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4kwaLjMULA
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJwSHPD9CK6
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOix4AurQOX
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoxDZwghfWx
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdFwMpkFQQE
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc5vram7KWt
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0cuu0D6hEZ
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ66HnbrnnAz
主要對外通道全部都有人把守9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG7REUE9IHj
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8DvYKOJGFE
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVagW3WnF8m
9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWLaQ8SiaVg
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDjl0LrLy1j
啲村民差唔多所有時間9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsnqBaHdp2V
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvo7tqb5V23
而近乎完全冇回報9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZsgcSi3MLj
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSQ5PfZoJXl
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡakN1agIPic
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi1GPPDtS3a
去換食物畀屋企人9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9inYyXOVIs
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuBusVPsg9U
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNTGNDONIzN
所以飢荒係非常普遍9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAmcS4hBzWx
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ77rE7OuYDJ
可以一家人一齊捱餓9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ80izX53AHR
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzgUmdMhzMs
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuVljVEv0L3
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcIz1YfR8l6
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF8i9YbYNoW
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuMkoYwU9Ux
橡膠嘅需求直線上升9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh935Tko0zV
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj9arnGV477
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO0kEd2xOF3
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuzRzLPSDes
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7BcUxMYT1k
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyZLR5e8wXi
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrs6o82ufWG
9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx4RMgi271Y
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM5uaI9WB3T
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnh710a8mlB
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzufb9Xx3TN
因為地心吸力9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf2nCzj3Y4R
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnGP7dqo72x
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0nKRpTjZTb
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3NtRHdOlgE
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3O6i2dDOQk
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5RoOnXNxpY
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5wa1GzFr3O
但係喺1876年9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFHXa1VC2Ii
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPjeiVqq8nZ
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFoVPnv6OEI
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP4lNtKFbZL
主要來自一種攀藤9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLCmBE8GEqC
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYX27DkLddc
通常會生到三十米以上9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡarnaPS9C7x
即係大概十幾層樓高9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvQDO0FR7q3
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYutY34GuhW
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiHTWBWwzgh
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvWd7xCpqih
因為冇主要軀幹9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRIehk7OAL0
啲乳液唔夠集中9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoNGmGSN09O
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjSwwbAjpSy
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMKrqkMEIMd
就係爬上樹頂9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxp4ugG9gvf
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrRmC8ueIuL
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp4HxK5OPlG
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ZfSWT09AK
仲非常晒時間9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVlUdILuxBx
一日最多榨到兩至三棵9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf3WChR4v20
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwGIDqpHtVv
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLd7cCaMGJ7
9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTThFJLe2dG
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs2dnbf0O0M
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6vgMI2lgMb
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6QwMLzNE47
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCanMrVzPsJ
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ESo7uhFaf
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMZR3Gy35zx
令效率進一步降低9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnaV0Hi3Bqz
以致到咗1890年代中期9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn5k7sgCEoY
一個成年男丁9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs4qSKCgXqJ
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSzuCYvQeNR
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfUw3UR7G6h
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtUSqhi7eqf
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdQS6ALDqIs
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡznt8K0W3Zr
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeMqSWWjWqx
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7jGmn6eTc0
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSPGk721OoR
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdtSn0gDF8t
以A.B.I.R.為例9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXzwA3UecgJ
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH37VMiB4be
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwRdzPqob1c
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV9wplhffNW
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwUkxaxDov0
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxnAlPppK4k
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgU4P2fOGe7
9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsOHY9UXgAZ
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX5Hs6Jg79I
同回購租界公司嘅股份9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSy2dg54O2m
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVx2mvBt0cM
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXkxygQXB1O
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSbtzD5bIpv
比利時因此國泰民安9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr6KX7r3Inf
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkeizoi7xn9
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNtUzbJZLKq
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnVPO4SAQpJ
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVzjK8boNVm
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSoaeZzZkV0
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9Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlMAkrWbAca
...待續
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