當攝取碳水化合物或蛋白質過量於日常所需的時候,兩者均可被細胞作為製作脂肪的材料。714Please respect copyright.PENANAc4mRXA5Iyz
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(圖2)無論是碳水化合物抑或是蛋白質,在新陳代謝的作用底下均有機會轉變為Citrate,而Citrate正是製作脂肪的重要原料,最終可用作成為能源用途、建構細胞膜的材料、荷爾蒙、以及肚腩油脂細胞內的油脂粒。714Please respect copyright.PENANAsvW5Hi9xxg
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(圖3)從碳水化合物或是蛋白質所得來的Citrate,起初是位於粒線體(Mitochondria)內的,而粒線體則有蛋白質負責將Citrate送到細胞質(Cytoplasm)去。714Please respect copyright.PENANAVI9YQubLz5
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位於粒線體(Mitochondria)的Citrate只會用在製作細胞能量用途上。714Please respect copyright.PENANA71AtYfP3ce
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而處於細胞質(Cytoplasm)的Citrate則通通用在建構細胞膜的材料、荷爾蒙、以及肚腩油脂細胞內的油脂粒。714Please respect copyright.PENANAQkltkqu4Gn
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原因相信是因為製作能量的酶素均位於粒線體內,而製作脂肪的各種酶素則處於細胞質內。714Please respect copyright.PENANAFpIUj8dAew
將各種用途的酶素分別放在細胞不同的位置,因而達致分工合作、避免把工作混淆的效果,可見細胞背後其實是多麼的心思熟慮。714Please respect copyright.PENANABYm3wEgGIY
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細胞質及粒線體雖然同在一顆細胞內,地理上同在一域,但粒線體內有著自己的一套基因,「血統」上始終是親疏有別,情形就如國內科興疫苗的注射條件為限於59歲以下及沒有長期疾病的人士,而香港則不設限制,讓各年長人士盡情注射,承受風險。714Please respect copyright.PENANAgPFRE6sz5u
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無論如何,國內及香港兩地互相合作,最終必能得出科興疫苗對年長人士的成效及會否出現不理想副作用的數據。714Please respect copyright.PENANApifY2GqvfP
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