癌細胞所在的環境裡,佈滿各式各樣的細胞。310Please respect copyright.PENANAD6BMbgl4ce
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當中有為數不少的是免疫細胞,只可是癌細胞發展出不同的機制躲避免疫細胞的攻勢,因此周遭的免疫細胞並沒能發揮其殺滅不良細胞的功效。310Please respect copyright.PENANAlYPcyoktxf
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無論如何,它們同在一個環境裡,無可避免要面對一個問題,就是如何分配糧食。310Please respect copyright.PENANA9NygVrEwe1
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(圖2)在癌細胞所在的環境裡,以葡萄糖(Glucose)及麩醯胺酸(Glutamine)為營養界別含量最多的兩大元首。310Please respect copyright.PENANA8IHciIc4OU
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研究發現,如果對比單一細胞的營養吸收速度的話,免疫細胞吸取葡萄糖的速度比癌細胞的為快。310Please respect copyright.PENANAQvryMkIJV3
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反之,癌細胞吸取麩醯胺酸的速度則比免疫細胞的為快。310Please respect copyright.PENANAR9pxWohJ01
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(圖3)重要的是,如果利用藥物阻截兩款細胞吸取麩醯胺酸的話,它們均會啟動機制加快吸收葡萄糖的速度,從而彌補營養所需。310Please respect copyright.PENANAXozyPf9vSa
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換句話說,它們配備使用及吸收兩種營養的能力,可根據環境供求而隨時變陣。310Please respect copyright.PENANAVh4yPOpPjA
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(圖4)雖然免疫細胞吸取葡萄糖的速度比癌細胞的為快,但如果計算整個環境的吸收總量的話,基於癌細胞數量多於免疫細胞,癌細胞共吸收環境葡萄糖總量達70%有多,而其餘免疫細胞的吸取量則只佔餘下的30%。310Please respect copyright.PENANAMdwbiqDMCJ
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亦即是說,依靠葡萄糖吸取量來探測癌細胞存在的技術(FDG-PET),其癌細胞所在的環境至少有30%的訊號是來自免疫細胞,而非癌細胞。310Please respect copyright.PENANAzj60QaS4AM
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Ref1https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03442-1#MOESM3310Please respect copyright.PENANA7C69h0Qhrl