人、狗、鼠、兔均是恆溫動物,意思即是他們需要動用從新陳代謝中所獲取的能量來保持恆常體溫。453Please respect copyright.PENANAFr1khAme1e
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在炎熱的天氣下,人及狗均能依靠流汗及喘氣作散熱的手段。453Please respect copyright.PENANARvSNP3CP1I
但鼠及兔皮下並沒有汗腺的關係,牠們沒有流汗的能力,同時亦沒有喘氣的習性。453Please respect copyright.PENANAtlx6k7OFTT
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(圖2)在行為方面,鼠及兔只好依靠躲藏或擺出不同的身體姿勢作散溫或保暖用途。453Please respect copyright.PENANA3os0UfDAUz
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生理方面,鼠及兔能透過豎毛(Piloerection),亦即是毛管戙來阻隔寒氣入侵,又或是擴張血管(Vasodilation)來加快散熱效能。453Please respect copyright.PENANAQAQaNnRjjv
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(圖3)老鼠的尾巴約佔全身皮膚面積5%左右,但約17%的體溫調節功能均是透過尾巴的血管擴張及收縮來控制。453Please respect copyright.PENANAg25K7bqv7R
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至於兔仔的耳廓(Auricle),其表面的血管亦跟老鼠尾巴帶有著調節溫度的功能。453Please respect copyright.PENANALRgmmLpP6R
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