第二次世界大戰後,美國、前蘇聯及其他國家在1951-1963年之間分別在地面上進行數以百計的核試,319Please respect copyright.PENANAhSypI9Sa7V
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直至1963年大家互相簽署了停止核試條約,地面引爆核試才得以終止進行;雖然1960-1970年間中國及非洲仍有進行少量微型地面核試。319Please respect copyright.PENANAVof6biiy1m
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地面核試,無疑會為大自然界帶來影響。319Please respect copyright.PENANAylc9a9vO61
其中一隻名為137Cs的幅射性原子,不但能對生物帶來傷害,且具有水溶性特質,其半衰期亦達30.2年之多;319Please respect copyright.PENANAW7uMUd1LNK
亦即是說渡過30.2年之後,其濃度才會自然地減半。319Please respect copyright.PENANAq6W1lEPB5P
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(圖2)植物普遍需要鉀元素(K)輔助生長,因此天生擁有相應的蛋白質負責吸取泥土的鉀元素。319Please respect copyright.PENANAYBw5T8XH9A
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然而基於137Cs與K的特質非常相似,植物不其然間亦會因而吸取了帶有幅射性的137Cs原子。319Please respect copyright.PENANAWjz09wnd9a
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如果往植物施上含鉀元素(K)或銨 (NH4)的肥料,均可大幅度減低植物吸取泥土間137Cs的效率。319Please respect copyright.PENANAsaTa8Dx8LF
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(圖3)科學家審視2017-2019年美國各地的蜜糖商品,發現122個樣本中並有68個樣本測量出137Cs的存在。319Please respect copyright.PENANAktO4qNHn7c
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不過其含量非常之低,平均僅約0.03Bq 137Cs kg−1,最高濃度的樣本為19Bq 137Cs kg−1,依然遠低於美國FDA制定的1200Bq 137Cs kg−1安全界線。319Please respect copyright.PENANArKh7yqOIGX
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研究還發現,當地蜜糖樣本是否含有137Cs原子,與當地泥土的137Cs含量並無任何關連。319Please respect copyright.PENANAlZkDc8LTNh
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無論如何,核廢理的處理與人類生活健康的議題,均需密切關注,不容忽視。319Please respect copyright.PENANAfIsWxu6JP2
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22081-8#MOESM3319Please respect copyright.PENANAEOk3jvppvs