雪櫃、冷氣機、水煲等等各電器不時都會散發出熱力。522Please respect copyright.PENANAblY1a6nnAn
如果將這些多餘的熱力轉化成為電力,便能夠更有效運用資源,不作浪費。522Please respect copyright.PENANA47EOb3cjOx
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(圖2)繼續深入講解之前,我們先以非常簡單的方法概括一下發電的原理。522Please respect copyright.PENANACpTGQ1dC8A
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只要電子在閉合電路單方向流動,就能促成電流,提供電力讓燈泡發光。522Please respect copyright.PENANAyOGtShpGG9
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(圖3)要把熱力有效轉化為電力,我們需要一樣能夠有效傳遞電子而同時又不會傳遞熱力的物料。522Please respect copyright.PENANAUmXzNOi4BB
522Please respect copyright.PENANAJWag6AuqlR
有科學家最近發表文章(Ref1),利用化學物ferricyanide ion Fe(CN)6 –4作為媒體把熱力轉化為電力。522Please respect copyright.PENANA6hVKJGLSK9
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選用Fe(CN)6 –4的原因基於其兩種特質。522Please respect copyright.PENANA1nk0ErCeTk
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1.它遇冷(約攝氏20度左右)的時候,再加上Guanidinium ion的輔助下便會變成固體結晶。522Please respect copyright.PENANA2zTFf08c1g
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2.它遇熱的時候會放出電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。522Please respect copyright.PENANAvVULlyEiby
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(圖4)以下就是利用熱力發電的精髓要點。522Please respect copyright.PENANABEWrQ4vpk4
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1.Fe(CN)6 –4遇上外間熱力(例如電器所散發出的熱力),因而會釋發電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。522Please respect copyright.PENANAjEr74g9Rqk
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2.電子在閉合電路走動,產生電流,讓燈泡發亮。522Please respect copyright.PENANAmOzTiDORFq
522Please respect copyright.PENANA0v578SrMah
3.電子到達另一端的凍金屬棒(約攝氏20度)後,從第1點所得來的Fe(CN)6 –3便會接收電子,變回Fe(CN)6 –4。522Please respect copyright.PENANAnl2G1L1R4h
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4.Fe(CN)6 –4在Guanidinium ion的輔助下變成固體結晶。522Please respect copyright.PENANAlJYiwzGnm1
固體相對上傳熱的能力比液體較弱,因而減低了熱金屬棒把熱力傳到凍金屬棒的效率,促使凍金屬棒及熱金屬棒維持著溫差。522Please respect copyright.PENANABfrqO6zczW
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5.在地心吸力的影響下,固體結晶會趨往金屬棒那方。而在熱力的影響下,固體結晶變回液態Fe(CN)6 –4,重回第1點不斷循環。522Please respect copyright.PENANAgv2Wq4vSD0
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綜合來說,科學家巧妙利用了Fe(CN)6 –4遇熱釋出電子的特點,以及遇冷配合Guanidinium結成固體、固體不易傳熱的特質,建造了有效傳遞電子而同時又不會有效傳遞熱力的物料。522Please respect copyright.PENANAhnirw4WDnS
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(圖5)科學家在文中亦嘗試利用20個圖4的模組,在兩極維持50度的溫差下,提供電力予各用途之上。522Please respect copyright.PENANA8yqc5Z33pi
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現在需要解決的問題,就是找出收集多餘熱力的有效方法及物料,引導熱力到模組裡頭。522Please respect copyright.PENANAVNFzhLV2cd
文章作者表示現時已積極尋找物料,相信假以時日絕有可能會在市面見到收集電器熱力發電的設備。522Please respect copyright.PENANAUvTkPY4fQ4
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。522Please respect copyright.PENANAdZu4XgOY50
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc522Please respect copyright.PENANAkLc1R4L5r5
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。522Please respect copyright.PENANAckqtZt8DWa
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Link:522Please respect copyright.PENANAqD7d0UB1ox
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio522Please respect copyright.PENANA78Y6ZZAQG5
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。522Please respect copyright.PENANAVVIuX2Aiap
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Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/09/09/science.abd6749522Please respect copyright.PENANARbb9Mw7hTX