白蘑菇上的啡點,大多是由名為P. tolaasii 的細菌引起,學名為Brown Blotch Disease(Ref1)。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAwMVzHbKgft
1237Please respect copyright.PENANA3CPHQBOLbz
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAFInT6hvKi9
雖然P. tolaasii 細菌不會使人染病,但普遍大多數消費者也不會購買帶有啡點的蘑菇,只會買下白色乾淨且有彈性的白蘑菇。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAzTNrnD2mX4
1237Please respect copyright.PENANACAC9i989Id
基於Brown Blotch Disease的傳染性非常之高的關係,當有一顆蘑菇受到感染,其後波及的面積將會非常巨大,讓農夫們蒙受損失。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAOglENRdTxz
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAbhsR3WLom9
而這種細菌同時亦會波及士多啤梨椰菜花等農作物,故此絕對不能忽視。1237Please respect copyright.PENANA1dZcuhD2T9
1237Please respect copyright.PENANA7cnFLjuGSx
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAgUaRk24RSe
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAw9dPbPPlwz
(圖2)已知的是,P. tolaasii 細菌會產生名為tolaasins的物質,在白蘑菇表面上產生微孔,導致啡黑色的圓點出現。1237Please respect copyright.PENANA3zWvOi3C2M
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAX8yQJoNyuW
(圖3)近日有科學家發表文章(Ref2),證實另一種類的細菌M. tolaasinivorans /M. lacteus能將環狀結構的tolaasins轉變成直線結構。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAXMif1qzINP
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAVcGoaQj4SL
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAk9NUK7wRG5
而最為重要的是,直線結構的tolaasins再也沒有能力在白蘑菇上產生啡點。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAvPzjmmzvCD
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAfmLjX50KYe
(圖4)他們亦發現,M.tolaasinivorans /M. Lacteus 同時亦能破壞P. tolaasii裡頭一隻名為pseudodesmin物質的部份結構,得以減慢P. tolaasii的生長速度。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAQz2x3O3z6D
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAEPf3qKneu2
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAectEXximyz
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAg7rgPLjX99
此項發現除了揭示可以利用細菌擊倒細菌此等手法保護農作物的手法外,同時亦指引科學家們可以研究出針對破壞該兩種物質的化學物,作為另一種保護白蘑菇等農作物外觀的手段。1237Please respect copyright.PENANA4ecFipZ4z3
1237Please respect copyright.PENANA35jeFUtWRY
「同類」擊倒同類,滲透繼而分化的破壞力,絕對是不容忽視的。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAih2RdjqzjJ
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAAPHb3zJ56K
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。1237Please respect copyright.PENANA8l4qqyWaUy
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAp4zT2S7Jqp
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1237Please respect copyright.PENANAnrxSvgWBB0
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAMUN8OnGm9I
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAJvFBhMOWsW
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAehyUgN8TJs
Link:1237Please respect copyright.PENANALsujQ1i2n6
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1237Please respect copyright.PENANA4iBmnk9S4q
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAs11XLOXKTl
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAd8A14AWE2h
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1237Please respect copyright.PENANAjQE0drGhDb
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAZDjDp22aCb
1237Please respect copyright.PENANAzuLHGnjKPs
Ref1:https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/23/5/591/5332401237Please respect copyright.PENANALbiY8kDLxp
Ref2:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32868430/1237Please respect copyright.PENANAHIr42THXFl