此命題由汪汪真鳩喂(#5523)巴打提供,在此作出致謝。489Please respect copyright.PENANAKpdLaPqOFD
489Please respect copyright.PENANAU8RNvVah59
貓捉老鼠,天公地義,警黑合作,違背道義。489Please respect copyright.PENANAcAw1gmlcqf
在回答貓隻究竟會否因為捉老鼠而患上鼠疫(Plague)之前,我們先行快速了解一下鼠疫的背景資料。489Please respect copyright.PENANAQNNkBwSbSO
489Please respect copyright.PENANAYPgGYcJxlG
489Please respect copyright.PENANAgvETTpHtcY
鼠疫至少釀成全球二億人的死亡,由細菌Yersinia pestis 引致,為1894年細菌學家Alexandre Yersin在香港鼠疫爆發時搵出,因此取其名字Yersinia命名(Ref1);489Please respect copyright.PENANA2DmHrzSXON
同期亦有一名日本科學家同在香港相近時間分離出致病的細菌,但因報告內容有些許具爭議性的地方,功勞普遍被嘉許在前者身上。489Please respect copyright.PENANAYzgLzdo8Rn
489Please respect copyright.PENANAGsOch3DOOB
鼠疫在人類史上可分為三大時期,分別為:489Please respect copyright.PENANAIwNh4DJ6o6
489Please respect copyright.PENANAR8NAPiXdpb
1. 第6-8世紀時期的查士丁尼瘟疫489Please respect copyright.PENANAYLyFe7KQWw
(Justinian’s Plague)489Please respect copyright.PENANAass551RdsB
489Please respect copyright.PENANAMyB3OvqXxa
2.第14-18世紀別名為黑死病的瘟疫489Please respect copyright.PENANAVVuKCNA4MB
(Black Death)489Please respect copyright.PENANAO5yOXrMyYC
489Please respect copyright.PENANAiD1QeCchsj
3.現代489Please respect copyright.PENANAqyTiGOQnYO
(近期較為大型的一次為發生在2017年馬達加斯加,釀成202人死)489Please respect copyright.PENANAZRSKEgCWsa
489Please respect copyright.PENANAJdzmu2TXun
489Please respect copyright.PENANAXFr5Ol6FSI
雖然鼠疫歷史長久,但疫苗研究側重在其他疾病上的關係,現時其實並沒有具高效力的疫苗在市面,不少疫苗還停留在臨床研究階段當中;489Please respect copyright.PENANAcSc4SrD2ZU
美軍在越戰所用的疫苗,效果被證實非常參差,而且大部份接種者均展示出強烈的不良反應。489Please respect copyright.PENANAluomIqGubz
489Please respect copyright.PENANABfaqRPbSKT
489Please respect copyright.PENANAvdKLddtN8z
(圖2)雖然我們用上鼠疫在形容此疾病,但Yersinia pestis細菌其實是寄宿在蝨的身體裡頭,藉著蝨的幫助下傳播開去。489Please respect copyright.PENANATi4nBl4mP8
489Please respect copyright.PENANA4totPlbTwn
489Please respect copyright.PENANAwvQ0MjjdX5
受感染的蝨會寄居在囓齒動物身上,促使被咬的囓齒動物將會感染鼠疫。489Please respect copyright.PENANAF6p0wtMILe
489Please respect copyright.PENANAX6XcZBG32C
現今的Yersinia pestis細菌品種,相信是透過蝨與囓齒動物不斷的互相傳遞而演發出來。489Please respect copyright.PENANAfE5kuAzOcB
489Please respect copyright.PENANAof09wyvZXR
之於人類患上鼠疫的途徑,則主要是接觸受鼠疫感染的動物、遭受感染的蝨咬傷或吸入受感染的動物體液所致。489Please respect copyright.PENANA7MEA3woXel
489Please respect copyright.PENANAVe8xRyQMSz
489Please respect copyright.PENANArasXidlK74
(圖3)鼠疫可以大致分為三大類,Bubonic plague、Septicemic plague及Pneumonic plague,其分別及特徵一律在圖中列出。489Please respect copyright.PENANAvv7qPgqUMO
489Please respect copyright.PENANA8TNzUuBUPf
489Please respect copyright.PENANAMy0d4scbaI
489Please respect copyright.PENANAGVDHaGYgsc
(圖4)而非常遺憾的是,貓隻是可以因捕捉受感染的鼠隻而患上鼠疫的。489Please respect copyright.PENANA4MYA1SkCmA
貓隻大多數的感染個案為Bubonic plague(Ref2),主人有機會因為被寄宿在貓隻身上受感染的蝨所咬而患上Bubonic plague,但亦有個別個案因為主人與貓隻親吻,因而接觸貓隻口水而患上Pneumonic plague。489Please respect copyright.PENANAcVcF5N8m9z
489Please respect copyright.PENANAfdB8XeBsQn
489Please respect copyright.PENANAASl0BFEznX
當然,圖中所列舉的徵狀只是概論,一切由專業獸醫診斷為最準,而治療的手法跟治療人的方式一樣,一般開上抗生素作治療,而有必要時亦可能會隔離貓隻3日或以上。489Please respect copyright.PENANAUFn6N6r35A
489Please respect copyright.PENANABa2gjrvKp7
489Please respect copyright.PENANAru8BWuQ3CR
各位巴絲想到有趣話題的話,不妨在留言提出,話題有趣且我有能力講解的話,將會被製作成為深入淺出的題材。489Please respect copyright.PENANA2EEMpGiVuj
489Please respect copyright.PENANA4ap2mhgw0Q
489Please respect copyright.PENANAD285bhxWNH
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。489Please respect copyright.PENANALQIBGwK9nq
489Please respect copyright.PENANAAmm4HeDKiX
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc489Please respect copyright.PENANAs6wujqLOmX
489Please respect copyright.PENANA9bnMzZtz7j
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。489Please respect copyright.PENANAUHQCp9yRrX
489Please respect copyright.PENANAzfHWy97tDQ
Link:489Please respect copyright.PENANATSyB055H7J
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio489Please respect copyright.PENANAFblFnZ8Tuv
489Please respect copyright.PENANAlq21kK77TT
489Please respect copyright.PENANA7MwkZRRryw
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。489Please respect copyright.PENANAYQ9ZkCDl7G
489Please respect copyright.PENANA88yJk2OVQy
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41435-019-0065-0489Please respect copyright.PENANAzL0sTE3ct1
Ref2:https://www.merckvetmanual.com/cat-owners/disorders-affecting-multiple-body-systems-of-cats/plague-in-cats489Please respect copyright.PENANAOL1XD4KHsV