往不同動物例如老鼠及線蟲注射治療糖尿病的藥物(Metformin)後,壽命均會有顯著的增長。590Please respect copyright.PENANALXc9hdokHi
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有研究利用現成資料庫作對比,發現服用Metformin的糖尿病人歲數比沒有服用Metformin的健康人士為長(Ref1),亦有臨床研究嘗試為14名70歲的健康老人家注射為期6星期的Metformin,藉觀察體內的轉變以作抗衰老藥的研究基礎(Ref2)。590Please respect copyright.PENANADTlPiMfvHj
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(圖2)從圖中可見,往年輕線蟲注射Metformin的話,牠們的生存日子便會增長。590Please respect copyright.PENANA2MxaLleiES
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(圖3)但是,與年輕線蟲相反,往年老的線蟲注射Metformin的話,牠們的生存日子不但沒有增加,反而會減少。590Please respect copyright.PENANA6m3r46zk2m
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(圖4)經過一系列的實驗,科學家認為Metformin能夠驅使年輕線蟲延壽的其中一個原因,是與粒線體的整體功用有關(Ref3)。590Please respect copyright.PENANAPwz5lZecGS
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其中,Metformin為年輕線蟲的新陳代謝作出轉變,包括增加碳水化合物的分解,減低脂肪的含量等,但年老的線蟲卻沒能夠觸發同樣的效果,反而更會因新陳代謝機制的不良負荷而增加死亡率。590Please respect copyright.PENANA9brXswexxK
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文中的科學家亦就此作出質疑,既然Metformin只能使年輕線蟲而非年老線蟲延壽,那又究竟是否值得「魯莽」地對健康老人家進行Metformin的延壽研究。590Please respect copyright.PENANAWcdEJH5ex9
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Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25041462/590Please respect copyright.PENANAB9kLdX50OR
Ref2:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29383869/590Please respect copyright.PENANANKF7oCV69W
Ref3:https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-020-00307-1590Please respect copyright.PENANA0wisARcgKB