上一篇的深入淺出講述了人體的體味，緊接以來的這一篇將會講述一下大自然界的「體味」互動。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWTNHKubfzk
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https://www.penana.com/article/468715947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtoyNBJAkkt
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適者生存，弱肉強食，一向被喻為大自然界的法則。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoxEUXQ1CnN
植物作為食物鏈的最底層，大多時候也逃不過被食物鏈上層生物侵食的局面。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOWmKes4Tva
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxMjQ0MvY9W
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv7stnNUO2Z
圖1為毛蟲獵食樹葉的畫面，這棵植物並不是捕蠅草系列，看起上來的確沒有任何反擊或防禦的手段，任人魚肉。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4yywjtwD9x
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡibwHgLAXz9
但實情其實並非如此。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgSFhGEi0A9
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXwLwB7dDxv
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWozAcjt71X
圖2為椿象從後出現，反過來獵食毛蟲的畫面。然而，椿象的出現並不是偶然，而是植物暗中「召喚」而來的。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnaCPcOVCWG
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGOCyrNh0EZ
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmBT1jIbKa3
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIe1osO3Gdt
圖3，當樹葉收到傷害的時候，它們會即時釋放出一堆統稱為 Green Leave Volatiles(GLV)的化合物（Ref1)，這個情況下，毛蟲的口水包含著一些物質，會將這些GLV化合物由Z形態轉化成為E形態；947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6fSu1e6KTC
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe3DCRUgDDd
這物質究竟是甚麼，科學家暫時還沒清楚，只是知道該物質在高溫下便會失效。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5juwsJRaYN
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw3NyVkdha9
Z形態及E形態是化學用詞，用在描述化學物的形態。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiOG3ngKawM
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs7iquRJv1f
強硬來說的話，Z形態就是用胡蘿蔔當作雙耳、樹枝當作雙手的雪人。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGatjSSDWs9
而E形態就是用樹枝當作雙耳、胡蘿蔔當作雙手的雪人。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwSfINdHIAk
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx8VJ7e3xNF
大家所組成的元素均是一樣，但位置上卻有著不同的地方。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡROzHcPIUIC
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9zpEzajMra
我並沒有能力再以更深入淺出的方式解釋，有興趣的話可以自行Google。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ76DLAaMRXr
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47PHQSbM4T
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM9rjuigQGR
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTpkLjtjRCQ
圖4）對於椿象來說， E形態的GLV是一種非常強大的吸引劑，亦因而被吸引前來，反咬毛蟲。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyK0yYWMOWA
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfqlwHNVWE3
所以整件事情的來龍去脈，就是毛蟲傷害樹葉的時候，其口水觸化樹葉裡頭的摔發性化學物轉變，其轉變的化合物吸引捕食毛蟲的獵人前來，因而「間接」地救了樹葉一命。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkjPwBP9DuE
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在這裡必須強調的是，這種關係是物種針對性的。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC0Hon39oZM
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIjjNVcpFxa
科學家在一篇學術文章（Ref1)證實，若果毛蟲品種並不是圖1列明的那一個品種，其口水是不會觸發樹葉化合物Z到E的轉變。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAJLDK5c6XP
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnmGefYOryY
植物是否會用不同的方式應付不同品種的入侵者，這暫時還是未知之數。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt22KryFqv4
但至少圖1-4的物種互動已有科學證據支持，由此已經可以看得出大自然物種之間的互動是絕非簡單的。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsdJIGiiSZs
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡikGZeZRQuc
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR65UIHVxXZ
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBSGkDsyxK7
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Link:947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIp9MMJNdWs
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ14uDc04Hf3
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有興趣接收科普資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5NJmrGbhE1
947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiGKsE73qOJ
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Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/329/5995/1075947Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYt1wC9Q2vd
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