早在1910年,有科學家去除貓隻脊髓連接大腦的某一段落(橙色位置) ,發現貓隻依然能夠勉強地步行,確立了步姿並非由大腦百分百主宰的理論。382Please respect copyright.PENANAsC01TvsBNw
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(圖2)後來經過一系列的證實,發現脊髓(Spinal cord)包含一系列的神經細胞,裡頭包含名為central pattern generator (CPG)的神經網路,負責協調我們的步姿(gait)。382Please respect copyright.PENANAfMzS2TjlaJ
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動物的步姿因物種而異,例如袋鼠雙腿一同並行,兔仔慣常前腿左右互行,而後腿則一同並行。382Please respect copyright.PENANAptVdWQg72d
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(圖3)有一款兔仔的品種名為Sauteur d’Alfort,牠們不但不懂得跳躍,而且經常會做出前腿行走後腿提高的奇異舉動。382Please respect copyright.PENANAJT9QdzRbSl
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直到最近科學家才剖析得到箇中的因由,原因是該品種的兔仔出現RORB蛋白質變異,導致位於脊髓的神經細胞沒法能夠產生足夠的RORB蛋白質。382Please respect copyright.PENANAojT72txXhC
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含有RORB蛋白質的神經細胞相信是能夠避免神經訊息輸送時產生過激的功效。382Please respect copyright.PENANAwwG0Qvjogl
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而缺乏RORB蛋白質的兔仔大有可能是因為神經細胞所發出的指示不受控制,引致後腿肌肉伸展過激並因而提高的舉動。382Please respect copyright.PENANAK7lN4HTx6M
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影片:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pV0SAKY5iTY382Please respect copyright.PENANAGZElstOF71
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Ref1:https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1009429382Please respect copyright.PENANAUv9pGTTmRk