人們可以透過語言或肢體動作表達自己所想或傳遞訊息,但身體細胞並沒有「嘴巴」,它們又如何互相溝通呢?507Please respect copyright.PENANAADqJw2RZWr
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(圖2)其中的一道方法,就是透過自身表面所呈現的物質作為橋樑。507Please respect copyright.PENANAY6MtFHRqJ0
譬如說,當人體細胞表面的ACE2蛋白質或Neuropilin1蛋白質與武肺病毒表面的S蛋白質結合的話,武肺病毒便會入侵身體細胞裡頭。507Please respect copyright.PENANAdZh2eN3BN2
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若細胞沒有ACE2/ Neuropilin1蛋白質的話,除非有額外的輔助,武肺病毒便沒法辨認得到細胞,順之然亦不會入侵對方。507Please respect copyright.PENANAUoQmMwvybW
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(圖3)在大多數的情況下,細胞表面的物質均由蛋白質或脂肪所做成,糖份結構亦會鑲嵌在這些物質上,因而改變這些物質的形狀及用途。507Please respect copyright.PENANAGY371SRJVP
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最近科學家們得出驚人的發現,一些不會參與蛋白質生產的RNA(non-coding RNA)亦會表達在細胞表面上,且有著糖份結構與自身連繫。507Please respect copyright.PENANAjyfDKsCX3X
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這些結構在實驗室細胞及老鼠身上同時能找得到,可以說是大幅度改寫了學術界普遍對RNA功用的看法。507Please respect copyright.PENANA0NiCudecpv
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而這些表達在細胞表面的RNA究竟有甚麼用途,是否參與在免疫作用等用途,則還需日後一系列的研究。507Please respect copyright.PENANAVfwb0PqaHx
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Ref1:https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00503-1
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