癌細胞從原處走到另一地方(轉移,Metastasis),均需透過血液或淋巴系統作交通渠道。506Please respect copyright.PENANANCjhcWQxEj
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有不少癌細胞轉移到另一器官後會呈「休養」狀態,不迅速繁殖,而是長期潛伏在另一器官內。506Please respect copyright.PENANAULj8Dten0v
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因此就算沒能檢測得到循環腫瘤細胞的存在,也不百分百等於未來不會出現癌細胞轉移事件。506Please respect copyright.PENANAXaGPaQMc3P
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(圖2)科學家分別把人類及老鼠的癌細胞注入到老鼠模型作研究,發現癌細胞發生轉移的機率是與目的地所含的NK cell數量有關係。506Please respect copyright.PENANA7ZObtleVL9
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目的地所含的NK cell越多,該地方出現癌細胞轉移的機率亦會越低。506Please respect copyright.PENANAVFHb3QXAt7
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之所以會出現這情況,除了是NK cell殺死癌細胞這可能性之外,科學家發現NK cell會釋放interferon-γ (IFN-γ)的物質,誘使癌細胞進入休養狀態,不進行自我繁殖。506Please respect copyright.PENANAMkXwB4251j
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(圖3)奈何,至少在肝臟裡頭,一種名為Hepatic stellate cells會釋出CXCL12物質,CXCL12會阻礙NK cell的生長速度。506Please respect copyright.PENANAdaS6mNDvuz
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久而久之,便再也沒有足夠的NK cell抑制癌細胞的生長,而當潛伏在另一器官的癌細胞快速繁殖之時,這亦是轉移(Metastasis)被鑑定發生之時。506Please respect copyright.PENANAgbo168rsmE
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對此,研發藥物或療程確保NK cell長期處於足夠水平,或許是一道避免癌細胞發生轉移的大方向。506Please respect copyright.PENANAkVbNqhvtDR
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Link:506Please respect copyright.PENANAh90QUZcX8N
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio506Please respect copyright.PENANA4iZb436Je0
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03614-z506Please respect copyright.PENANASt0heWLaNy