口腔所進食的食物,途經各器官後便會來到小腸,絕大部份的營養最終將透過空腸(Jejunum)進入血液循環系統裡頭,再分配予各身體細胞;522Please respect copyright.PENANAAin9BCtsOI
我們的空腸內壁擁有著絨毛狀的結構(villi),將大大增加遇上及吸取營養的效率,以達其消化及吸收營養的重任。522Please respect copyright.PENANAUrMgWr5K5L
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(圖2)食得是褔,著得是祿。522Please respect copyright.PENANAVwoJum6mrV
患有短腸症候群(Short Bowel Syndrome,每年約每一百萬個小童便有三名患者)或其他腸道疾病問題的兒童,因著空腸長度有機會出現過短的狀況,很多時候下並沒能夠吸取足夠營養支撐正常成長。522Please respect copyright.PENANAMDW8i26IoS
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嚴重的情況,便需要進行器官移植。522Please respect copyright.PENANANpu5DG7MUh
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只不過,適用的器官並不是話來就來,而且亦有不少個案出現器官排斥問題,引發一連串的併發症。522Please respect copyright.PENANAMLuHV5oilT
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(圖3)為了紓困現狀,有科學家在近日發表文章(Ref1),嘗試提出方法解決現時所面對的困局–522Please respect copyright.PENANA4xCqlgAJW0
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抽取患者的腸道細胞,以體外的方式在實驗室進行培植,製造出新一條的空腸。522Please respect copyright.PENANAyhBPVQPGkR
而因著器官是由患者本身的細胞而來,出現排斥的機會亦順然大幅度能夠減低下來。522Please respect copyright.PENANABnXwdInkTF
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這次研究中,他們找來了28名歲數從3個月大至15歲的小童,從某部份的病人體內拿取2mm左右的腸道樣本,在實驗室內培植兩個月左右的時間,得出俱備空腸功能的類器官522Please respect copyright.PENANAlJpzlzvhWX
(Organoid);522Please respect copyright.PENANAnTJVhoNAZ5
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類器官可看成為半完成物,有著器官的關鍵功能,但外貌及個別特徵始終與完整器官差天共地。522Please respect copyright.PENANAyj6lNxjcC0
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同時間,他們亦拿取病人腸道一小節,把所有的細胞清除得一乾二淨,用作為日後移植用的基座(Scaffold)。522Please respect copyright.PENANA6keAw7lRt1
之所以要沿用病人的腸道作為基座,原因是病人腸道本質上有著引導類器官繼續發展成型的能力,而這種本質現今科技上還沒能完完全全利用其他物料成功複製出來。522Please respect copyright.PENANAFwbr8QxWj9
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他們把類器官培植在基座上一段時間後,再嘗試移植到老鼠身體上,箇中亦證實得到類器官在老鼠體內擁有發展成為腸道的能力。522Please respect copyright.PENANA6R2pe43xwl
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將類器官移植回到病人體內這一步,無疑還有一段距離才能實行。522Please respect copyright.PENANA7MU0Ecv95n
但這研究在老鼠身上所得出的成果,至少證實得到這個大方向是有著實際應用上的可行性,並非紙上談兵風花雪月,而是為日後實際套用在病人方面上奠下了一重要的理論基礎。522Please respect copyright.PENANAxUnI53aXJ2
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。522Please respect copyright.PENANACBvN1Ay9Fu
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc522Please respect copyright.PENANA3zbViYlX5X
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。522Please respect copyright.PENANAbBzDWL14Ft
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Link:522Please respect copyright.PENANA9FDZDZCGOm
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio522Please respect copyright.PENANAHnhthpQDXz
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。522Please respect copyright.PENANAeLgnEsqh6n
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1024-z522Please respect copyright.PENANAV6RWQakgFN