老鼠一直對科研發展作出了無比的貢獻,科學家利用老鼠探究癌症、各種疾病以及細胞各式各樣的機制。869Please respect copyright.PENANA0Xz2DOkhPu
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(圖2)有時候,科學家會利用「漁翁撒網」的方式來試圖解決難題。869Please respect copyright.PENANAzZTEOIp5fm
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譬如說,若果科學家想探討老鼠的那一條基因負責控制老鼠耳朵的顏色,其中一種漁翁撒網的手段就會用上化學物質N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) 。869Please respect copyright.PENANAKePWVBOi8C
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對老鼠注射ENU的話,其基因突變的機率會高出300倍有多。869Please respect copyright.PENANAdRmslrolrs
同樣能導致基因突變的X-Ray,效率就只有約100倍有多。869Please respect copyright.PENANASToXQ5OuOR
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(圖3)對男性老鼠注射ENU的話,他每一顆精子均會有出現不同的隨機基因變異。869Please respect copyright.PENANAktbcy4eYQX
換句話說,他的後代也會繼承其相應的基因變異。869Please respect copyright.PENANAnCJRjqDy7W
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我們剛才假設的命題是那一條基因負責控制老鼠耳朵的顏色,若運氣足夠的話,例如小新出現了藍耳朵,那麼科學家們便大可以追查究竟是哪一條基因出現了變異,然後再深入調查箇中的機制。869Please respect copyright.PENANAYjhoXBxHFz
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這方法顯然是完全依靠運氣,幸運的話就可能有驚天大發現,無運的話就是資源、時間、金錢一筆清。這方法顯然亦會牽涉到動物的倫理道德問題。如何妥善不浪費所有受過變異的老鼠,是研究人員需要深思的問題。869Please respect copyright.PENANABso07uDxn3
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。869Please respect copyright.PENANAYhaVsssj3y
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc869Please respect copyright.PENANAsgca6e3Ofm
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。869Please respect copyright.PENANArz5gT8m9CI
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Link:869Please respect copyright.PENANAhIJo2tBQxC
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio869Please respect copyright.PENANAUlL75BajjD
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除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account,否則我的IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。869Please respect copyright.PENANAGQL3UIUhhC
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Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11567631/869Please respect copyright.PENANAq2HSqokSxp
Ref2:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1197804/869Please respect copyright.PENANAEAr9LH7RoT