歸立治理武肺的手段,現時可分為疫苗、人造抗體、藥物以及各式化合物四大手段。539Please respect copyright.PENANA8DsFH9VVfg
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疫苗具「長遠」預防作用,但不能醫治已受感染的病人,而且年長人士亦有可能基於免疫系統已甚為衰退關係,沒能被疫苗誘導身體製造充夠份量的抗體。539Please respect copyright.PENANAwe3f596gJU
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人造抗體具有短期的預防及醫治效果,不受年齡界別所限,但預防的期限顯然會比疫苗為短。539Please respect copyright.PENANAosGvOJrzOn
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藥物「理論上」沒有預防效用,但帶有醫治效果,暫時具認可能醫治武肺的藥物為Remdesivir (瑞德西韋)及Dexamethasone (地塞米松–超繽紛怪異的名字)。539Please respect copyright.PENANAIwq9ZmCoJf
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各式化合物的包括Solube ACE2及AngII等等,某程度上亦可界定為藥物。539Please respect copyright.PENANAxPWW2h0qYo
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上一個Post粗略講解過人造抗體的最新發展,今個Post將會講解藥物發展的最新狀況,尤其在老藥新用(Drug Repurposing)方面之上。539Please respect copyright.PENANADFLi3YDIVr
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抵抗武肺的黑馬–人造抗體539Please respect copyright.PENANAXSTczh6sjs
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區539Please respect copyright.PENANAWdA3pwplvZ
https://lih.kg/2141521539Please respect copyright.PENANAobmnQzxFYF
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老藥新用並唔係新穎概念,最為與人類生活相關的其中一隻,就係生髮洗頭水裡的Minoxidil。本來Minoxidil的主要用途為抗高血壓用,但輾轉之下發現竟然具有促進頭髮生長的效果,所以亦變成為增髮藥物之一。539Please respect copyright.PENANAUkvyaG7Pb4
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事實上,用來醫治武肺的Remdesivir (瑞德西韋)原本是Gilead Science針對伊波拉病毒(Ebola)所研發的藥物,但結果並不理想。539Please respect copyright.PENANANA1ClcNkqj
後來Remdesivir被發現能夠有效抑制中東呼吸綜合征冠狀病毒(MERS)在在細胞上的繁殖,科學家便因而嘗試利用它來對抗武肺,發現同樣能抑壓武肺在細胞裡的繁殖。539Please respect copyright.PENANARrflwcAsyj
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最近袁教授同美國嗰邊合作發表一份《Nature》文章,在約12000藥物中,搵到21隻能夠增強Remdesivir阻礙武肺生長的效果。(Ref1)539Please respect copyright.PENANApOYmb6xkwN
換句話說,若果將21隻藥物內其中一隻與Remdesivir一同使用的話,就可以降低Remdesivir劑量濃度的同時亦能達到治理效果,變相能夠減低Remdesivir產生副作用的機會。539Please respect copyright.PENANAOjgubSTURa
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暫時來說,所有結果均來自實驗室細胞研究。539Please respect copyright.PENANAKFQAeaC5fK
如果兩隻藥一齊運用的話,會否真的是對人體產生正面作用,又或者會產生出新的副作用,仍是未知之數。539Please respect copyright.PENANAzd2SvCCWyd
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不過現時當務之急是解決武肺,基本上所有事物都會「開捷徑」同步進行。而就在8月5日,一批科學家發批學術文章(Ref2)利用AI技術設立一套名為Synthia的軟件,更成功為11隻相信能醫治武肺的藥物找出一套更便宜更有效率的合成方法,方便藥廠商可以用更低的成本大量製造藥物(雖然廠商未必會因而調低價格,反之.......)。539Please respect copyright.PENANAG6U3YRlWbD
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只可惜的是,就算套用了他們的AI軟件,依然沒能找出一種比現時Gilead Science釀製Remdesivir的更好方法。539Please respect copyright.PENANANZdSR5VZCk
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2577-1539Please respect copyright.PENANAJwEnrJluM5
Ref2:https://chemrxiv.org/articles/preprint/Reinforcing_the_Supply_Chain_of_COVID-19_Therapeutics_with_Expert-Coded_Retrosynthetic_Software/12765410
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