上兩集簡述了癌細胞缺氧的成因，以及缺氧導致癌細胞相對上更為依賴葡萄糖作新陳代謝用途。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBPgixwWeJq
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB6NY2DxSuK
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4zWgXEVyHz
三十秒科學–腫瘤的周遭環境529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQxFPNI2GLv
https://lih.kg/gFPfPS529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNJDgPKiWm4
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡplFGiS33F6
三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuXu9Q9V348
https://lih.kg/2416199529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwteV1MYf6m
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSYZdd6Urrd
今集我們會講述缺氧對癌細胞自身發展的其中一道好處。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuXx72TFlUZ
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZfrrp3y4HK
（圖2）當DNA出現異變的時候，細胞裡名為p53的蛋白質便會出手幫忙，號令細胞停止生長(Cell cycle arrest)，給予時間讓其他蛋白質幫忙協助修復DNA。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMC5eLfHi4c
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpMVa397f9e
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKrAhZzXcZj
若果細胞最後還是無法處理修復DNA的工作，p53便會指示細胞趨向死亡程序(Apoptosis)。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYpvmnvfeNZ
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡykY4PTM0M3
腫瘤的出現，是無數DNA變異得出來的成果。因此在這方面來看，p53是防止癌細胞出現的好幫手，因為p53會確保細胞的DNA不會出現變異，或指令出現DNA變異的細胞消失。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmtbWAt4To4
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF0wltIEaLH
但是，有一點非常矛盾的是，大部份普通細胞的p53蛋白質表達率非常低，它能否防止癌細胞出現這一點使人存疑。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1q1HodyBeW
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlqc21uGBIM
（圖3）事實上，非常諷刺的是，氧氣含量越低的話，P53蛋白質的表達率便會越高。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCqCGS0KJ9Q
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGeTWZTmdOj
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbAYxInoBXE
而在缺氧的環境下，擁有p53的蛋白質的細胞便會自動進行死亡。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ18mn89Vgs6
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjXfpayxVRu
（圖4）重大的問題是，有部份缺氧的癌細胞會發展出變異版本的p53，失去原有的功能。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAYiKsNh8N4
在缺氧施加的壓力下，擁有正常p53版本的細胞會一一死去，變相幫忙篩選出擁有變異版本p53的細胞，使它們逐漸成為大多數。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLm4rmWyAKT
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoxQaMG8xAV
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzmDBIWN2iN
而這些擁有變異版本p53的細胞，修復DNA的能力會大幅度被削弱，因而加劇了DNA變異速度，促成腫瘤繼續長大。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwoidWAlavP
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQlcEx86LAR
（圖5）圖中為腫瘤形成的其中一道概論，癌細胞自製的缺氧環境，變相提供了一道挑選擁有更強DNA變異能力細胞的環境。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0nEGY7CJo5
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMzJBpMXx5y
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCRgGfK7PYP
現實中大部分的的癌細胞均擁有p53變異，而擁有p53變異的細胞更具抵抗化療藥物cis-platin的能力。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡorNa0ANAIJ
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpl52JOv0YK
除缺氧外，大陽的紫外光亦是促使p53變異的好幫手，不少皮膚癌細胞均出現至少一處的p53變異。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYrmPy4cDyA
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd6ZMkLPwEw
那些不塗防曬便與陽光玩遊戲的人，一直是在玩命。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ027UIEZYlO
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4aMXiG6irG
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMBTVmC8oMa
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPi5KoWvaSI
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡax4CTpPmgl
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1EE3dZFFRI
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3P7BldV9IG
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi6RKLk4btB
Link:529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqhst1QRuub
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp0ibuNok8x
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxIeliKtb2M
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz3VSr6SoLx
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account，否則我的IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZMvD7QaqBl
529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtoe6B47J3G
Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8538748/529Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6E1aMhioVz
