癌細胞從原位轉移到另一器官,亦即是Metastasis,是癌病患者主要的死因。389Please respect copyright.PENANAUovIb16cBD
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「有趣的是」,癌細胞雖近乎不會轉移到肌肉位置裡頭,但卻能從遠處釋放物質,經由血管抵達肌肉位置,催使肌肉萎縮,亦即是癌症惡病質(cancer cachexia)。389Please respect copyright.PENANAvtYghPLwxe
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(圖2)肌肉萎縮不但之令病人變得虛弱,難以接近正常劑量的化療,更為致命的是,當心臟肌肉及橫隔膜肌肉亦遭受到萎縮的時候,病人便會因呼吸困難等問題而逝死。389Please respect copyright.PENANA6ndWZUhTwj
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早在1858年已有科學家指出cancer cachexia的存在,但至今2021年仍是沒有FDA認可藥物治療cancer cachexia。389Please respect copyright.PENANAdo6YEHJHGa
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(圖3)現時有不少臨床研究希望可以制衡cancer cachexia,普遍均是從營養方面入手。389Please respect copyright.PENANAmLyUy7yfu9
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但結果大多數是只能夠增加病人的脂肪組織,而沒能夠填補已萎縮的肌肉。389Please respect copyright.PENANA0fJtyy3tHu
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有一點值得注意的是,肌肉細胞並非是死去,純粹是其分解蛋白質的進程比生產蛋白質的進程來得更快,因而形成萎縮。389Please respect copyright.PENANAf3RLOp1OCV
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(圖4)從研究Cancer cachexia的老鼠模型中可以看到,患癌的老鼠不但更為細小,其手腕的握力度亦有所下降。389Please respect copyright.PENANA0p1WCK7Bqe
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觀察肌肉細胞橫切面的面積時,亦可以看到肌肉細胞的面積明顯有所縮細。389Please respect copyright.PENANAlXKSegkiCg
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下集將會講解Cancer cachexia的老鼠模型所得出的其中一道結果。389Please respect copyright.PENANAPpC7ZJzI3x
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Ref1:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6015555/389Please respect copyright.PENANAeLzpZOTUDp