Rabies (狂犬症、癲狗症)主要經由動物口水傳播,被咬的動物將會因此感染病毒,而病毒最終會侵襲宿主的神經系統,引致死亡。805Please respect copyright.PENANAdYGaVR5ENt
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狗隻被認定為傳播病毒的物種,故此為犬隻注射疫苗的行動亦因而大規模進行,大幅度減低由狗隻傳人的機會。805Please respect copyright.PENANAljGcGp0Fio
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(圖2)後來,野生狐狸亦成為了傳播病毒的宿主,而圖中則為病毒經由狐狸散播到歐洲各地的示意圖。805Please respect copyright.PENANA3MLGFDqy1i
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(圖3)1970年,科學家發現口服疫苗能有效為野生狐狸帶來對抗狂犬病的免疫力。805Please respect copyright.PENANAiw1dNueUVI
他們嘗試將口服疫苗注入在雞蛋、腸仔及狗餅等,放在野外作餌,但狐狸並不喜愛進食相關誘餌關係,成效不大;805Please respect copyright.PENANArs3V37gGFw
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他們在疫苗裡加入四環黴素(Tetracycline),狐狸服用疫苗後牙齒便會殘留四環黴素,科學家亦能從而得知狐狸服用疫苗的狀況。805Please respect copyright.PENANAqyEi1Vf2BN
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(圖4)最終經過無數次的測試後,他們發現狐狸極為喜愛進食雞頭。把口服疫苗注入在雞頭後,所收到的成效非常之好,有不少歐盟國家亦因而得以宣告100%成功殲滅狂犬症病毒。805Please respect copyright.PENANAXiUCP462gM
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自1980年起,利用飛機投擲雞頭疫苗範圍達330,000個足球場面積(2.36 million sq. km),單是瑞士境內已投下了超過15萬隻雞頭,直到後期雞頭疫苗才改進成為類近朱古力版本的手法。805Please respect copyright.PENANAVpo9XkZEtX
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歐盟除了大幅度資助各歐盟國家投擲雞頭疫苗外,亦為鄰近的非歐盟國家提供資助,希望能進一步對狂犬症病毒趕絕殺絕。805Please respect copyright.PENANAeoZCfJyjBU
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或許,有朝一日,也會有利用無人機投放武肺口服疫苗到野外的一天?805Please respect copyright.PENANAiBMRINnQJl
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Ref1:https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rstb.2012.0142#RSTB20120142F1805Please respect copyright.PENANAwAwIKdDTUb
Ref2:https://naturallyspeaking.blog/2016/09/28/outfoxing-rabies-one-vaccine-loaded-chicken-head-at-a-time/805Please respect copyright.PENANAJQ7Bcquvus
Ref3:https://thefactsource.com/switzerland-rabies-epidemic-air-dropping-chicken-heads/805Please respect copyright.PENANAFfN4E5XIsC