抗生素是其中一種應付細菌或微生物的手段,以Virginiamycin M2(VM2)這抗生素為例,它能夠與細菌的核糖體(Ribosome)結合,從而抑制細菌的生長及繁殖。593Please respect copyright.PENANAC0wm2yqPNj
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為應對抗生素的襲擊,細菌亦會發展出不同的機制作出制衡。同樣以VM2作為例子,細菌會生產一隻名為VatA酵素,能夠有效對VM2進行改造。593Please respect copyright.PENANAePtlXPoN6n
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被改造的VM2再也無法合併及阻礙Ribosome功能,細菌亦得以繼續無阻繁殖,展示出抗藥性。593Please respect copyright.PENANAs1bsJ8JD9F
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(圖2)最近,有科學家應用名為Modular Synthesis的技術進行應對(Ref1)。593Please respect copyright.PENANAE13Rkpo8np
簡單來說,Modular Synthesis就把化學物當作是砌LEGO一樣,能夠任意在短時間內改組化學物的各個部位。593Please respect copyright.PENANAs7YYRY6Iny
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如圖中所示,化學物各顏色部位均能轉變成其相應顏色的組件。593Please respect copyright.PENANAbkEMhs9po6
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(圖3)經過一輪的驗證後,科學家發現細菌VatA酵素會在VM2某部位(C14)進行改造,但箇中過程將會與VM2另一個位置(C4)進行觸碰。593Please respect copyright.PENANA5qR9IdZRzG
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基於這點,科學家特意在C4部位裝上一大串臃腫的化學結構,促使細菌VatA酵素無法與VM2進行互動的同時,亦能確保人為改造的VM2能夠使細菌的Ribosome功能受阻。593Please respect copyright.PENANArVChWb1Rfz
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當然,並不難想像細菌會隨著時間的增長發展出另一種新穎的應對方法,到時候科學家會否重用Modular Synthesis技倆應對,或者發展出一道一勞永逸的方法,就有待我們細心等候了。593Please respect copyright.PENANAXkSGXXNW83
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暫時來說,這場道高一尺、魔高一丈的遊戲,應該還要持續好一段的時間。593Please respect copyright.PENANALOCcqhoEme
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。593Please respect copyright.PENANAhxEoUfyOz8
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc593Please respect copyright.PENANAuqhx9bC9WK
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。593Please respect copyright.PENANA0tSbk28XJC
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Link:593Please respect copyright.PENANAaES31Xw4xm
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio593Please respect copyright.PENANAYTNbViPHIq
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。593Please respect copyright.PENANA8kQHRO1aty
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2761-3593Please respect copyright.PENANAMafm1N615q