日常家中的污水,會排放至污水處理廠作淨化處理。409Please respect copyright.PENANAA1m8sgJDom
409Please respect copyright.PENANA4DYZe7Jlq0
但你有沒有想過,污水其實包含著各式各樣的資料呢?409Please respect copyright.PENANABymtlpy3D4
409Please respect copyright.PENANA7u0BbIMbTs
409Please respect copyright.PENANAVffhXcA59p
(圖2)圖中的星星為北京市的中心,而八個英文字母的所在地則為污水處理廠的位置。409Please respect copyright.PENANAt43E1bvEsM
409Please respect copyright.PENANAnklsWUsZyP
409Please respect copyright.PENANAAkc18OodaE
有科學家特意從八道污水處理廠拿取未經處理過的污水,檢測裡頭的抗生素濃度(Ref1),初心是因為出自於人民對抗生素使用的認知不足。409Please respect copyright.PENANAuMWdOX2026
409Please respect copyright.PENANAhyBJZIEPDp
409Please respect copyright.PENANAdkSn7TwFHU
409Please respect copyright.PENANAU7em55Zgng
(圖3)中國在2017年對11,192個大學生作問卷調查,發現409Please respect copyright.PENANAiAUjvypU3X
409Please respect copyright.PENANAQMF1PG9tHe
41%學生認為服食抗生素能夠加快流感治癒速度、409Please respect copyright.PENANAuJDokl7CMG
409Please respect copyright.PENANATearurwvhW
63%學生的家中有抗生素儲備,409Please respect copyright.PENANADpSXXqkYFj
409Please respect copyright.PENANAdNjt80iTU0
56%學生未經醫生許可購買抗生素。409Please respect copyright.PENANAkRYuSFLQSB
409Please respect copyright.PENANAWcH2EvHiGd
其中913個學生中,有66%因報告疑似流惑徵狀而獲發抗生素。409Please respect copyright.PENANADKdpXiuV7f
409Please respect copyright.PENANA7IRghpdeEZ
409Please respect copyright.PENANAOi6oJXbk4a
流感是由病毒引起,抗生素並不會有助治療,反之濫用抗生素只會助長細菌建立抗性,百害而無一利。409Please respect copyright.PENANA0Lwt4RqcVU
409Please respect copyright.PENANAdWllV8lNax
409Please respect copyright.PENANAtOZDTs8RBS
(圖4)各種抗生素最終會有部份從排泄物的方式排出體外。409Please respect copyright.PENANAYTemydQpgv
409Please respect copyright.PENANAotbmfa8dC1
409Please respect copyright.PENANAWDOxELzxgn
而基於各污水處的污水的Ammonium(銨)與附近的住宅人口調查成正比的關係,只要將抗生素在污水中的濃度與人體新陳代謝的比率作出調整,然後再除Ammonium的濃度,就可以獲得各地區市民服用抗生素的大概狀況。409Please respect copyright.PENANAyqg3wwlVhC
409Please respect copyright.PENANAtxRUzDXtkF
409Please respect copyright.PENANAGJVQ9u5N75
(圖5)最後計算結果為:409Please respect copyright.PENANAQzl5bDlhQh
409Please respect copyright.PENANAPVfaNwO3Bl
北京市每1萬人口每日服用約21.9克的抗生素。409Please respect copyright.PENANAjzNVq0VdX8
409Please respect copyright.PENANAdZtNgHk0lU
409Please respect copyright.PENANAr3AwybnZKe
文中作者聲稱,此數據比早前的數據低出70%,判斷中國推行抗生素管理政策後非常有效。409Please respect copyright.PENANAGsoX1hiY67
409Please respect copyright.PENANAtb7lEMLdKQ
409Please respect copyright.PENANAAdrFtfta2U
而這種利用污水來調查人口社會狀況,學名為Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE),不少國家亦都有廣泛使用的報告,其中印度芬蘭等國家亦在污水中找出武肺病毒的存在,而啟動病毒來源追溯程序。409Please respect copyright.PENANAMs6JqhQxrR
409Please respect copyright.PENANAR0TZImX3CG
409Please respect copyright.PENANA2YZ7gvTO6e
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。409Please respect copyright.PENANANLlOf1nWom
409Please respect copyright.PENANATKmnIEvGFQ
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc409Please respect copyright.PENANAaIzASWW5TG
409Please respect copyright.PENANALpXb8iXsCg
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。409Please respect copyright.PENANA4NNU81pWM6
409Please respect copyright.PENANAnS2i6THwDw
Link:409Please respect copyright.PENANAnoAw4WVBRk
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio409Please respect copyright.PENANAUkPNKdD4GS
409Please respect copyright.PENANAvZZCtPPM1m
409Please respect copyright.PENANAemXAO28dI3
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。409Please respect copyright.PENANArfB8PeTwv4
409Please respect copyright.PENANA6Ibu3OZGdF
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/409Please respect copyright.PENANAw6wBXFNRxa
409Please respect copyright.PENANAo3i1ZCSxo4
Ref1:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018320877
00
ns 15.158.61.55da2